An update on genetic, structural and functional studies of arylamine N-acetyltransferases in eucaryotes and procaryotes

Sim, E, Payton, M, Noble, M and Minchin, R (2000) An update on genetic, structural and functional studies of arylamine N-acetyltransferases in eucaryotes and procaryotes. Human Molecular Genetics, 9 16: 2435-2441.


Author Sim, E
Payton, M
Noble, M
Minchin, R
Title An update on genetic, structural and functional studies of arylamine N-acetyltransferases in eucaryotes and procaryotes
Journal name Human Molecular Genetics   Check publisher's open access policy
Publication date 2000
Sub-type Article
DOI 10.1093/hmg/9.16.2435
Volume number 9
Issue number 16
ISSN 0964-6906
Start page 2435
End page 2441
Total pages 7
Language eng
Abstract Arylamine N-acetyltransferase (NAT) was first identified as the inactivator of the anti-tubercular drug isoniazid, The enzyme was shown to catalyse the transfer of an acetyl group from acetyl-CoA to the terminal nitrogen of the hydrazine drug. The rate of inactivation of isoniazid was polymorphically distributed in the population and was one of the first examples of pharmacogenetic variation, NAT was identified recently in Mycobacterium tuberculosis and is a candidate for; modulating the response to isoniazid, Genome sequences have revealed many homologous members of this unique family of enzymes. The first three-dimensional structure of a member of the NAT family identifies a catalytic triad consisting of aspartate, histidine and cysteine proposed to form the activation mechanism. So far, all procaryotic NATs resemble the human enzyme which acetylates isoniazid (NAT2), Human NAT2 is characteristic of drug-metabolizing enzymes: it is found in liver and intestine, In humans and other mammals, there are up to three different isoenzymes. If only one isoenzyme is present, it is like human NAT1. Human NAT1 and its murine equivalent specifically acetylate the folate catabolite p-amino-benzoylglutamate. NAT1 and its murine homologue each have a ubiquitous tissue distribution and are expressed early in development at the blastocyst stage, During murine embryonic development, NAT is expressed in the developing neural tube. The proposed endogenous role of NAT in folate metabolism, and its multi-allelic nature, indicate that its role in development should be assessed further.
Keyword Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Genetics & Heredity
Hydroxyarylamine O-acetyltransferase
Mycobacterium-tuberculosis
Bladder-cancer
Escherichia-coli
Type-1 Nat1
Immunochemical Detection
P-aminobenzoylglutamate
Salmonella-typhimurium
Metabolic-activation
Colorectal-cancer
Q-Index Code C1
Q-Index Status Provisional Code
Institutional Status Unknown

Document type: Journal Article
Sub-type: Article
Collection: School of Biomedical Sciences Publications
 
Versions
Version Filter Type
Citation counts: TR Web of Science Citation Count  Cited 55 times in Thomson Reuters Web of Science Article | Citations
Google Scholar Search Google Scholar
Access Statistics: 31 Abstract Views  -  Detailed Statistics
Created: Mon, 13 Aug 2007, 12:01:57 EST