Brominated flame retardants in the Australian population: 1993-2009

Toms, Leisa-Maree L., Guerra, Paula, Eljarrat, Ethel, Barcelo, Damia, Harden, Fiona A., Hobson, Peter, Sjodin, Andreas, Ryan, Elizabeth and Mueller, Jochen F. (2012) Brominated flame retardants in the Australian population: 1993-2009. Chemosphere, 89 4: 398-403.


Author Toms, Leisa-Maree L.
Guerra, Paula
Eljarrat, Ethel
Barcelo, Damia
Harden, Fiona A.
Hobson, Peter
Sjodin, Andreas
Ryan, Elizabeth
Mueller, Jochen F.
Title Brominated flame retardants in the Australian population: 1993-2009
Journal name Chemosphere  (ERA 2012 Listed)    (ERA 2010 Rank A)   Check publisher's open access policy
Publication date 2012-10
Sub-type Article
DOI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2012.05.053
Volume number 89
Issue number 4
ISSN 0045-6535; 1879-1298
Start page 398
End page 403
Total pages 6
Place of publication Kidlington, Oxford, United Kingdom
Publisher Pergamon
Collection year 2013
Language eng
Formatted abstract Brominated flame retardants, including hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are used to reduce the flammability of a multitude of electrical and electronic products, textiles and foams. The use of selected PBDEs has ceased, however, use of decaBDE and HBCD continues. While elevated concentrations of PBDEs in humans have been observed in Australia, no data is available on other BFRs such as HBCD. This study aimed to provide background HBCD concentrations from a representative sample of the Australian population and to assess temporal trends of HBCD and compare with PBDE concentrations over a 16 year period. Samples of human milk collected in Australia from 1993 to 2009, primarily from primiparae mothers were combined into 12 pools from 1993 (2 pools); 2001; 2002/2003 (4 pools); 2003/2004; 2006; 2007/2008 (2 pools); and 2009. Concentrations of ∑HBCD ranged from not quantified (nq) to 19 ng g−1 lipid while α-HBCD and γ-HBCD ranged from nq to 10 ng g−1 lipid and nq to 9.2 ng g−1 lipid. β-HBCD was detected in only one sample at 3.6 ng g−1 lipid while ∑4PBDE ranged from 2.5 to 15.8 ng g−1 lipid. No temporal trend was apparent in HBCD concentrations in human milk collected in Australia from 1993 to 2009. In comparison, PBDE concentrations in human milk show a peak around 2002/03 (mean ∑4PBDEs = 9.6 ng g−1 lipid) and 2003/04 (12.4 ng g−1 lipid) followed by a decrease in 2007/08 (2.7 ng g−1 lipid) and 2009 (2.6 ng g−1 lipid). In human blood serum samples collected from the Australian population, PBDE concentrations did not vary greatly (p = 0.441) from 2002/03 to 2008/09. Continued monitoring including both human milk and serum for HBCD and PBDEs is required to observe trends in human body burden of HBCD and PBDEs body burden following changes to usage.
Keyword HBCD
Hexabromocyclododecane
PBDEs
Brominated flame retardants
Q-Index Code C1
Q-Index Status Confirmed Code
Institutional Status UQ

Document type: Journal Article
Sub-type: Article
Collections: Official 2013 Collection
National Research Centre for Environmental Toxicology Publications
 
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