Additive pressures of elevated sea surface temperatures and herbicides on symbiont-bearing foraminifera

Van Dam, Joost W., Negri, Andrew P., Mueller, Jochen F., Altenburger, Rolf and Uthicke, Sven (2012) Additive pressures of elevated sea surface temperatures and herbicides on symbiont-bearing foraminifera. Plos One, 7 3: e33900-1-e33900-12.


Author Van Dam, Joost W.
Negri, Andrew P.
Mueller, Jochen F.
Altenburger, Rolf
Uthicke, Sven
Title Additive pressures of elevated sea surface temperatures and herbicides on symbiont-bearing foraminifera
Journal name Plos One  (ERA 2012 Listed)    (ERA 2010 Rank A)   Check publisher's open access policy
Publication date 2012-03
Sub-type Article
DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0033900
Volume number 7
Issue number 3
ISSN 1932-6203
Start page e33900-1
End page e33900-12
Total pages 12
Place of publication San Francisco, CA, United States
Publisher Public Library of Science
Collection year 2013
Language eng
Formatted abstract Elevated ocean temperatures and agrochemical pollution individually threaten inshore coral reefs, but these pressures are likely to occur simultaneously. Experiments were conducted to evaluate the combined effects of elevated temperature and the photosystem II (PSII) inhibiting herbicide diuron on several types of symbiotic algae (diatom, dinoflagellate or rhodophyte) of benthic foraminifera in hospite. Diuron was shown to evoke a direct effect on photosynthetic efficiency (reduced effective PSII quantum yield ΔF/F′ m), while elevated temperatures (>30°C, only 2°C above current average summer temperatures) were observed to impact photosynthesis more indirectly by causing reductions in maximum PSII quantum yield (F v/F m), interpreted as photodamage. Additionally, elevated temperatures were shown to cause bleaching through loss of chlorophyll a in foraminifera hosting either diatoms or dinoflagellates. A significant linear correlation was found between reduced F v/F m and loss of chlorophyll a. In most cases, symbionts within foraminifera proved more sensitive to thermal stress in the presence of diuron (≥1 μg L -1). The mixture toxicity model of Independent Action (IA) described the combined effects of temperature and diuron on the photosystem of species hosting diatoms or dinoflagellates convincingly and in agreement with probabilistic statistics, so a response additive joint action can be assumed. We thus demonstrate that improving water quality can improve resilience of symbiotic phototrophs to projected increases in ocean temperatures. As IA described the observed combined effects from elevated temperature and diuron stress it may therefore be employed for prediction of untested mixtures and for assessing the efficacy of management measures.
Keyword Great-Barrier-Reef
Photosynthetic Electron-Transport
Coral Porites-Cylindrica
Climate-Change
Amphistegina-Gibbosa
Photosystem-II
Benthic Foraminifera
Larger Foraminifera
Algal Symbionts
Building Corals
Q-Index Code C1
Q-Index Status Confirmed Code
Institutional Status UQ
Additional Notes Article number e33900

 
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