Germination, persistence, and emergence of flaxleaf fleabane (Conyza bonariensis [L.] Cronquist)

Wu, Hanwen, Walker, Steven, Rollin, Michael Jonathan, Tan, Daniel Kean Yuen, Robinson, Geoff and Werth, Jeff (2007) Germination, persistence, and emergence of flaxleaf fleabane (Conyza bonariensis [L.] Cronquist). Weed Biology and Management, 7 3: 192-199.


Author Wu, Hanwen
Walker, Steven
Rollin, Michael Jonathan
Tan, Daniel Kean Yuen
Robinson, Geoff
Werth, Jeff
Title Germination, persistence, and emergence of flaxleaf fleabane (Conyza bonariensis [L.] Cronquist)
Formatted title Germination, persistence, and emergence of flaxleaf fleabane (Conyza bonariensis [L.] Cronquist)
Journal name Weed Biology and Management  (ERA 2012 Listed)    (ERA 2010 Rank B)   Check publisher's open access policy
Publication date 2007-09
Sub-type Article
DOI 10.1111/j.1445-6664.2007.00256.x
Volume number 7
Issue number 3
ISSN 1444-6162
1445-6664
Start page 192
End page 199
Total pages 8
Place of publication Richmond, VIC, Australia
Publisher Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Asia
Language eng
Formatted abstract Flaxleaf fleabane (Conyza bonariensis[L.] Cronquist) is a difficult-to-control weed in dryland minimum tillage farming systems in the northern grains region of Australia. Experiments under field and controlled environments were conducted to study the seed germination, emergence, and persistence of C. bonariensis. The base, optimum, and maximum temperatures for seedling germination were estimated at 4.2, 20, and 35°C, respectively, with light stimulating germination. The soil types and burial depths had significant effects on seed persistence and emergence. The persistence pattern showed an initial rapid drop, followed by a slow but steady decline over time. After 3 years of burial, there were ≈ 7.5%, 9.7%, and 1.3% viable seeds at 10, 5, and 0–2 cm soil depths, respectively. Conyza bonariensis predominantly emerged from the soil surface or from the burial depth of 0.5 cm. Very few seeds emerged from a depth of 1 cm and none emerged from ≥ 2 cm. The emergence was greater in lighter soils. On-farm monitoring of the field emergence over time in a light sandy loam soil showed that 99% emergence occurred in late autumn, early and late winter, and a small fraction of 1% emerged in mid-spring. The predominant emergence from the soil surface suggests that the fleabane problem is a result of weed species shift toward the minimum tillage systems that provide moist conditions for better emergence compared to conventional tillage systems. The seed longevity of at least 3 years in the soil and the prolonged emergence patterns between autumn and spring have posed great difficulties for the long-term management of C. bonariensis.
Keyword Biology
Conyza Bonariensis
Emergence
Flaxleaf Fleabane
Germination
Q-Index Code C1
Q-Index Status Provisional Code
Institutional Status Non-UQ

Document type: Journal Article
Sub-type: Article
Collection: Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation
 
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