The use of calcium and vitamin D in post menopausal women with osteopenia : [a cost effective analysis]

Arnett, Kathryn. (2008). The use of calcium and vitamin D in post menopausal women with osteopenia : [a cost effective analysis] Master's Thesis, School of Economics, The University of Queensland.

       
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Author Arnett, Kathryn.
Thesis Title The use of calcium and vitamin D in post menopausal women with osteopenia : [a cost effective analysis]
School, Centre or Institute School of Economics
Institution The University of Queensland
Publication date 2008
Thesis type Master's Thesis
Total pages 86
Language eng
Subjects 14 Economics
Formatted abstract This thesis aims to look at the health outcomes and economic costs associated with screening women post menopausal women over 60 years of age and prescribing those who are classified as osteopenic with calcium and vitamin D.

Government expenditure on osteoporosis in 2000-01 was estimated at being $221 million dollars with 36% of this being spent on the expensive osteoporosis drugs. Osteoporosis is a risk factor that occurs in the older age groups and with an ageing population these costs are only going to keep increasing without preventive measures put in place.

Evidence suggests that calcium and vitamin 0 when adhered to is associated with a reduction in the number of fractures in these older women. Therefore by targeting those women who are at highest risk of a fracture will lead to a reduction in the number of fractures and further reduce the expenditure by the government.

A Markov Model for osteoporosis that was developed for the Assessing Cost Effectiveness (ACE) project was adapted to estimate the long term health and economic costs associated with screening post menopausal women and giving those diagnosed as being osteopenic calcium and vitamin D. A cost effectiveness analysis was conducted using epidemiological and economic data from the literature. The results of the analysis found that the most cost effective option was taking the base case scenario and increasing the adherence to calcium and vitamin 0 from 70% to 80% with 99.7% of results falling below the $50,000 per HALY threshold. The mean incremental cost effectiveness ratio was $10,060. Taking into consideration the potential cost savings and health gains from preventing fractures in osteopenic women this would be a valuable intervention in general practice and will provide reductions to the government on expenditure for osteoporosis.
Keyword Osteopenia.
Calcium -- Therapeutic use.
Vitamin D -- Therapeutic use.

 
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