Bifurcations, Phase Transitions and Teleportation in Entangled Quantum Systems

John Paul Barjaktarevic (2008). Bifurcations, Phase Transitions and Teleportation in Entangled Quantum Systems PhD Thesis, School of Mathematics and Physics, The University of Queensland.

       
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Author John Paul Barjaktarevic
Thesis Title Bifurcations, Phase Transitions and Teleportation in Entangled Quantum Systems
School, Centre or Institute School of Mathematics and Physics
Institution The University of Queensland
Publication date 2008-12
Thesis type PhD Thesis
Supervisor Prof. Gerard Milburn
Dr Jon Links
Total pages 226
Total colour pages 11
Total black and white pages 215
Subjects 240000 Physical Sciences
Formatted abstract In this thesis we explore several areas which lie between the traditional condensed matter
physics and the relatively more modern quantum information processing paradigms. We
move from a single-body problem which displays chaotic behaviour, to two many-body systems
which show a quantum phase transition and sufficient entanglement to perform complex
quantum information processing, respectively.
Firstly, we consider a set of operations which can easily be performed on a single ion in an
ion trap quantum computer, and associate this with an effective Hamiltonian. We determine
the classical and quantum bifurcation structure, and consider the physical signatures of
a bifurcation which may be measured in an experiment. Secondly, we consider a set of
operations which may easily be performed on many ions in an ion trap quantum computer.
We determine that the evolution of the system may be described by an effective Hamiltonian,
and determine the nature of an effective quantum phase transition which may be experienced
by the system. We determine to what extent entanglement is present in this system, and
how even relatively small finite systems may give us insights into quantum phase transitions.
Finally, in the many-body setting, we consider the use of teleportation as a characteristic
of entanglement, and propose a teleportation scheme based on Bell basis measurement. We
determine that non-local, topological order parameters can be used to find the entanglement
content necessary to perform a teleportation, and that we can understand the resources
required for teleportation in terms of a quantum information paradigm that transcends
traditional local order parameters.
In all three systems, we consider models which have “tunable” local and non-local interactions.
Since the “quintessential feature of quantum mechanics” is the superposition of
non-local states, it is natural to refer, time and again, to entanglement to variously describe
the qualitative phenomenon of a system’s non-locality, its phase transition or its ability to
perform a quantum information processing task. In each case, using a quantitative measure
of entanglement, we are able to present concrete evidence for the essential role which entanglement
plays in determining the physics we may observe from these quantum phenomenon.
Additional Notes Real page indicated (page number as printed in brackets) 66 (44) 69 (47) only grey required 77 (55) 78 (56) 79 (57) 80 (58) only grey required 94 (72) 126 (104) 127 (105) 129 (107) only grey required 130 (108) 134 (112) 165 (143) 167 (145)

 
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