A novel method for the in situ calibration of flow effects on a phosphate passive sampler

O'Brien, D. S., Chiswell, B. and Mueller, J. F. (2008-11-06) A novel method for the in situ calibration of flow effects on a phosphate passive sampler. Journal of Environmental Monitoring, 11 1: 212-219.


Author(s) O'Brien, D. S.
Chiswell, B.
Mueller, J. F.
Title A novel method for the in situ calibration of flow effects on a phosphate passive sampler
Formatted title A novel method for the in situ calibration of flow effects on a phosphate passive sampler
Journal name Journal of Environmental Monitoring
Publication date 2008-11-06
Sub-type Article
Year available 2008
Volume number 11
Issue number 1
ISSN 1464-0325
Start page 212
End page 219
Total pages 8
Editor(s) Harp Minhas
Place of publication Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge UK
Publisher RSC Publishing
Collection year 2009
Language eng
Subject 050206 Environmental Monitoring
030199 Analytical Chemistry not elsewhere classified
C1
960699 Environmental and Natural Resource Evaluation not elsewhere classified
Abstract Monitoring of nutrients including phosphate in the aquatic environment remains a challenge. In the last decade passive sampling techniques have been developed that facilitates the time integrated monitoring of phosphate (P) through the use of an iron hydroxide (ferrihydrite) to sequester dissolved phosphate from solution. These methods rely on established techniques to negate the effects of flow (and associated turbulence) and control the rate at which chemicals accumulate within passive samplers. In this study we present a phosphate sampler within which a suspension of ferrihydrite is contained behind a commercially available membrane. Accumulation of dissolved phosphates into the P-sampler is governed by the rate at which ions are diffusing through the membrane and the water boundary layer (WBL). As the WBL changes subject to flow we have adopted an in situ calibration technique based on the dissolution of gypsum to predict the change in the rate of uptake dependent on flow. Here we demonstrate that the loss of gypsum from the passive flow monitor (PFM) can be used to predict the sampling rate (the volume of water extracted per day) for phosphate as a function of water velocity. The outcome of this study presents a new in-field tool for more accurate prediction of the effect of flow/turbulence on the uptake kinetics into passive samplers that is controlled by the diffusion of the chemical of interest through the stagnant water boundary layer.
Keyword(s) Passive water sampling
Sampling Rate
Calibration in situ
Phosphate
Additional Notes This article was accepted on the 13th of October 2008 and first published on the web on the 6th of November 2008 Article citation: Dominique Sara O'Brien, 2009, DOI: 10.1039/b809901d Copyright The Royal Society of Chemistry 2009
 
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Created: Fri, 07 Nov 2008, 10:49:50 EST by Ms Dominique O'brien on behalf of National Res Centre For Environmental Toxicology  -  Detailed History