List of Records in School of Veterinary Science Publications - UQ eSpace

Abdominal pain in an aged pony

McGowan, C. og Freeman, S. — 2007-08-14T19:32:32Z

A bibliography of elephant-shrews or sengis (Macroscelidea)

Rathbun, Galen B. og Woodall, Peter F. — 2007-08-14T18:19:02Z

A bio-economic model to predict performance and economic outcomes from small-scale and scavenging chicken production

Rola-Rubzen, M.F. og Pym, R. A. — 2007-08-23T20:10:14Z

Absolute and relative abundance estimates of Australian east coast humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae)

Noad, M. J. og Paton, D. A. og Cato, D. H. — 2009-04-09T11:02:29Z

Absorbable deslorelin implants delay resumption of postpartum ovulatory cycles in holstein dairy cattle

2008-06-06T14:12:46Z

Absorbable deslorelin implants (Ovuplant (R)) prolong postpartum anestrus in early ovulating dairy cows

Padula, AM og McGowan, MR og Macmillan, KL — 2007-10-17T12:20:58Z

Two experiments were conducted to investigate the use of a bioabsorbable implant of the GnRH agonist deslorelin to temporarily delay the resumption of postpartum ovulatory cycles in Holstein cows. In Experiment 1, recently calved cows were paired and received either a single implant (Ovuplant(R); Peptech Animal Health, Sydney, NSW, Australia) within 48 h of parturition (OVP; n = 17), or remained as untreated controls (CON; n = 17). Blood samples were collected for plasma progesterone assay three times weekly for 6 weeks to profile the pattern of resumption of ovulatory cycles. In Experiment 2, there were 15 CON and 15 OVP cows initially treated as for Experiment 1 as well as 15 OVP + SYNCH cows. Each cow in the CON and OVP + SYNCH groups received a progesterone vaginal insert (CIDR(R); Genetics Australia, Bacchus Marsh, Vic., Australia) for 7 days at 23 days postpartum (23 dpp) to synchronise estrus in cycling animals or to induce an ovulation with estrus in anestrus animals. Blood samples were collected weekly until removal of the CIDR insert, and then twice weekly until 56 dpp to monitor plasma P4 for retrospective determination of ovulation. Milk yield was monitored by twice daily electronic volume measurements and milk composition with once weekly milk composition analysis. In Experiment 1, CON cows began ovulating from 9 dpp; 15 of 17 had ovulated by the end of blood sampling at 42 dpp. None of the OVP cows ovulated until at least 24 dpp, and only 6 of 17 had ovulated by 42 dpp. The average day of first ovulation was extended from 22.4 +/- 2.7 dpp to 39.3 +/- 2.7 dpp (P < 0.05). In Experiment 2, ovulation had occurred in 8 of 15 CON cows at the time of CIDR insertion (23 dpp), 0 of 15 OVP cows and 1 of 15 OVP + SYNCH cows. By 40 dpp (or 10 days following removal of the CIDR insert) every CON cow (15/15) had ovulated, but only 2 of 15 OVP + SYNCH cows and 1 of 15 OVP cows. None of these effects of treatment was associated with any changes in milk yield or composition in either experiment. In conclusion, inserting a bioabsorbable implant of deslorelin within 48 h postpartum extended the interval to first ovulation to at least 24 dpp in 46 of 47 cows. Recovery periods were highly variable. This variability was not reduced by using a form of intravaginal progesterone supplementation that did produce a synchronised estrus with ovulation in anestrus animals that had not been treated with deslorelin. (C) 2003 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Abundance and distribution of Australian Pelican Pelecanus Conspicillatus in coastal south-east Queensland

Woodall, Peter F. — 2009-03-25T15:09:26Z

A case of acute onset blindness and disseminated intravascular coagulation

Grundy, S. A. — 2008-06-10T15:42:20Z

A Case of Mistaken Identity Reappraisal of the Species of Hookworms (Ancylostoma) Present in Australia and India

2009-01-15T14:04:22Z

This study serves to clarify the current status of canid and felid Ancylostoma species present in Australia. The morphological identification of A. ceylanicum from cats for the first time in Townsville, Australia, appears to be in error, together with the genetic markers provided for the species. Morphological and genetic data presented herein provide strong evidence that the hookworms from cats in Towsville are not A. ceylanicum as previously identified (i.e. the first report of this species in Australia), but are A. braziliense. Therefore the subsequent genetic markers established for A. ceylanicum in subsequent molecular studies based on these Townsville specimens should also be attributed to A. braziliense. Based on this information, a study of canine hookworm species present in northern India is also in error and it is apparent that the hookworms found in this region are those of A. ceylanicum. The distribution of A. braziliense and A. ceylanicum in the Americas and Asia Pacific region is discussed together with the importance of combining parasite morphology with genetic data for parasite diagnosis in epidemiological studies.

Acetylcholine receptor subunit genes from Ancylostoma caninum: Altered transcription patterns associated with pyrantel resistance

2009-03-10T11:33:51Z

The molecular mechanism of resistance to nicotinic agonist anthelmintics such as pyrantel and levamisole in nematodes of medical and veterinary significance is poorly understood. The identification of pyrantel-resistant isolates of the canine hookworm, Ancylostoma caninum, provides an opportunity to explore, at a molecular level, the mechanism of cholinergic resistance in a species that is a model for the human hookworms. Here we describe the cloning of three A. caninum genes orthologous to components of the pyrantel-sensitive nicotinic acetylcholine receptor in Caenorhabditis elegans (UNC-29, -38, -63). Analysis of mRNA levels by quantitative PCR was also performed on these genes, plus an additional three nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunit genes thought not to be constituents of the pyrantel-sensitive receptor, for which a partial sequence was obtained. Gene sequences and mRNA levels were compared between two isolates of A. caninum showing either high- or low-level resistance to pyrantel (as shown previously by in vivo efficacy and in vitro comparative studies). While no polymorphisms of likely significance between the two A. caninum isolates were observed, quantitative analysis of transcription revealed significantly lower levels for the three putative pyrantel receptor subunits (AAR-29, -38 and -63) in the highly pyrantel-resistant isolate compared with the isolate with low-level resistance. In contrast, transcription of the three subunits thought not to constitute the pyrantel receptor (AAR-8, -15 and -19) was either not significantly different between the two isolates, or slightly higher in the highly-resistant isolate. This data suggests that reduced transcription of the mRNA coding for nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunits that form the pyrantel-sensitive receptors may be a component of the pyrantel resistance mechanism in A. caninum.

A combined visual and acoustic survey of humpback whales and other cetaceans of Samoa

2009-04-14T10:07:27Z

A comparative study on the clinical, parasitological and molecular diagnosis of bovine trypanosomosis in Uganda

2007-10-17T12:25:26Z

The clinical, parasitological and molecular diagnosis of bovine trypanosomosis were compared using samples from 250 zebu cattle exposed to natural trypanosome challenge in Uganda. Clinical examination, molecular and parasitological diagnoses detected 184 (73.6%), 96 (38.4%) and 36 (14.4%) as diseased, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of clinical examination were 87.5% and 35%, and 78% and 27 % based on molecular and parasitological diagnoses, as gold standards, respectively. Of the 33, 3, 13 and 12 parasitological-positive cattle that had Trypanosoma brucei, Trypanosoma congolense, Trypanosoma vivax or mixed infections, 78%, 33 %, 84% and 100% respectively manifested clinical signs. Of the 24, 89, 12, 3, 6 and 27 cattle detected by molecular diagnosis to have mixed infections, T. brucei, T. vivax, T. congolense forest-, Savannah- and Tsavo-type, 100%, 83%, 91%, 100%, 67% and 81 % had clinical signs, respectively. In conclusion, treatment of cattle based on clinical examination may clear up to 87.5% or 78% of the cases that would be positive by either molecular or parasitological diagnosis, respectively. Under field conditions, in the absence of simple and portable diagnostic tools or access to laboratory facilities, veterinarians could rely on clinical diagnosis to screen and treat cases of bovine trypanosomosis presented by farmers before confirmatory diagnosis in diagnostic centres for few unclear cases is sought.

A comparison of dissected follicle numbers and follicle counts on the ovarian surface for the evaluation of ovarian follicular populations in Bos indicus cows

Fitzpatrick, L. A. og Entwistle, K. W. — 2007-08-13T16:51:51Z

Ovaries (n = 140) from 70 mixed-age multiparous, lactating Brahman cross (3/4-7/8 Bos indicus) cows were used to examine the hypothesis that counts of follicles visible on the surface of the ovaries of Bos indicus cows and their classification into diameter size classes, are closely correlated with numbers of follicles in those size classes found by complete dissection of the ovary. immediately after ovariectomy, mean diameters (long and short axes averaged) of all follicles greater than or equal to 2 mm visible on the surface of each ovary were measured. All follicles greater than or equal to 2 mm were dissected from the ovaries, excess stroma removed and follicle diameters measured under a stereomicroscope using an ocular graticule. For each ovary, follicles were classified in either small (<4 mm), medium (4-8 mm) or large (>8 mm) categories based on either diameters of surface or dissected follicles. Data for numbers of surface and dissected follicles (mean +/- SE) in small, medium, large categories and total follicle numbers, respectively, were 24.4 +/- 1.6 vs. 28.0 +/- 1.9, 1.6 +/- + 0.2 vs. 11.6 +/- 1.0, 0.5 +/- 0.1 vs. 0.7 +/- 0.1 and 26.4 +/- 1.6 vs. 40.4 +/- 2.5. Correlation coefficients (r) for counts of surface and dissected follicles in small, medium, large and total follicle numbers were 0.76, 0.40, 0.69 and 0.79, respectively. Medium size follicles presented only a small translucent area on the surface of the ovary, leading to an underestimate of numbers when categorised by surface evaluation. Counts of follicles visible on the surface of the ovaries of Bos indicus cows and their classification into size classes based on estimated diameter, are closely correlated with numbers of follicles in those size classes found at dissection of the ovary for small (<4 mm), large (>8 mm) and total follicles but not for medium sized (4-8 mm) follicles. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science B.V.

A comparison of responses to group learning between first-year Asian and first-year Australian veterinary science students

Mills, PC og Woodall, PF — 2007-08-15T06:52:32Z

Introduction - Group learning has been used to enhance deep (long-term) learning and promote life skills, such as decision making, communication, and interpersonal skills. However, with increasing multiculturalism in higher education, there is little information available as to the acceptance of this form of learning by Asian students or as to its value to them. Methodology - Group-learning projects, incorporating a seminar presentation, were used in first-year veterinary anatomical science classes over two consecutive years (2003 and 2004) at the School of Veterinary Science, University of Queensland. Responses of Australian and Asian students to survey forms evaluating the learning experience were analyzed and compared. Results - All students responded positively to the group learning, indicating that it was a useful learning experience and a great method for meeting colleagues. There were no significant differences between Asian and Australian students in overall responses to the survey evaluating the learning experience, except where Asian students responded significantly higher than Australian students in identifying specific skills that needed improving. Conclusions - Group learning can be successfully used in multicultural teaching to enhance deep learning. This form of learning helps to remove cultural barriers and establish a platform for continued successful group learning throughout the program.

A comparison of suburban avifaunas in Australia and Southern Africa

Woodall, P. F. — 2008-06-06T14:05:41Z

A comparison of the responses of first and second year veterinary science students to group project work

Mills, Paul C og Woodall, Peter — 2007-08-15T04:14:30Z

A change in curriculum permitted a direct and simultaneous comparison between first and second year responses to group project work while assuming similar prior experience with this method of learning. Responses were obtained by a survey form and by meetings with individual groups. Overall, there were no differences between first and second year responses, although analyses of gender responses suggested trends whereby males indicated they had developed greater creativity and felt they had contributed more to the group. The majority of students responded that group project work was a positive experience and a useful learning experience.

A comparison of two barrier membranes and bone formation around bone anchored hearing aid implants: A pilot study in dogs

2007-08-23T19:37:59Z

A comparison of two barrier membranes and bone formation around bone-anchored hearing aid implants - a pilot study in dogs

2007-08-23T19:47:40Z

Acoustic and tracking techniques in the humpback whale acoustic collaboration (HARC)

2009-04-14T10:27:35Z

Acoustic tracking of Humpback whales: measuring interactions with the acoustic environment

2007-08-23T19:56:10Z

Acquired myasthenia gravis associated with a non-invasive thymic carcinoma in a dog

2007-08-15T01:24:58Z

An 8 1/2-year-old neutered male Beagle was diagnosed with acquired myasthenia gravis associated with a non-invasive thymic carcinoma. The thymic mass was surgically excised and the dog was treated with pyridostigmine, prednisolone and azathioprine. Serial acetylcholine receptor antibody titres were increased initially but slowly declined to normal values over a period of 24 weeks. Improved exercise tolerance was seen following therapy, however, oesophageal dysfunction persisted. The dog was euthanased 26 weeks after initial presentation due to a complicating illness. A necropsy showed no regrowth or metastasis of the thymic carcinoma.

Acute bovine laminitis: A new induction model using alimentary oligofructose overload

2007-08-15T04:18:17Z

Twelve dairy heifers were used to examine the clinical response of an alimentary oligofructose overload. Six animals were divided into 3 subgroups, and each was given a bolus dose of 13, 17, or 21 g/kg of oligofructose orally. The control group (n = 6) was sham-treated with tap water. Signs of lameness, cardiovascular function, and gastrointestinal function were monitored every 6 h during development of rumen acidosis. The heifers were euthanized 48 and 72 h after administration of oligofructose. All animals given oligofructose developed depression, anorexia, and diarrhea 9 to 39 h after receiving oligofructose. By 33 to 45 h after treatment, the feces returned to normal consistency and the heifers began eating again. Animals given oligofructose developed transient fever, severe metabolic acidosis, and moderate dehydration, which were alleviated by supportive therapy. Four of 6 animals given oligofructose displayed clinical signs of laminitis starting 39 to 45 h after receiving oligofructose and lasting until euthanasia. The lameness was obvious, but could easily be overlooked by the untrained eye, because the heifers continued to stand and walk, and did not interrupt their eating behavior. No positive pain reactions or lameness were seen in control animals. Based on these results, we conclude that an alimentary oligofructose overload is able to induce signs of acute laminitis in cattle. This model offers a new method, which can be used in further investigation of the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of bovine laminitis.

Acute idiopathic polyradiculoneuritis: Recent development in Guillain-Barre Syndrome with possible application to coonhound paralysis in dogs

Yates, R. M. — 2008-06-10T12:51:44Z

Acute stress hyperglycemia in cats is associated with struggling and increased concentrations of lactate and norepinephrine

2007-08-14T17:53:49Z

We characterized the changes in blood glucose concentrations in healthy cats exposed to a short stressor and determined the associations between glucose concentrations, behavioral indicators of stress, and blood variables implicated in stress hyperglycemia (plasma glucose, lactate, insulin, glucagon, cortisol, epinephrine, and norepinephrine concentrations). Twenty healthy adult cats with normal glucose tolerance had a 5-minute spray bath. Struggling and vocalization were the most frequent behavioral responses. There was a strong relationship between struggling and concentrations of glucose and lactate. Glucose and lactate concentrations increased rapidly and significantly in all cats in response to bathing, with peak concentrations occurring at the end of the bath (glucose baseline 83 mg/dL, mean peak 162 mg/dL; lactate baseline 6.3 mg/dL, mean peak 64.0 mg/dL). Glucose response resolved within 90 minutes in 12 of the 20 cats. Changes in mean glucose concentrations were strongly correlated with changes in mean lactate (r =.84; P <.001) and mean norepinephrine concentrations (r =.81; P <.001). There was no significant correlation between changes in mean glucose concentrations and changes in mean insulin, glucagon, cortisol, or epinephrine concentrations. Struggling and lactate concentrations were predictive of hyperglycemia. Gluconeogenesis stimulated by lactate release is the likely mechanism for hyperglycemia in healthy cats in this model of acute stress. Careful handling techniques that minimize struggling associated with blood collection may reduce the incidence of stress hyperglycemia in cats.

Acute systemic anaphylaxis in cats

Litster, A. L. — 2007-08-15T10:05:30Z

Acute systemic anaphylaxis in cats

Litster, A. L. — 2007-08-24T12:58:34Z

Adaptation of duck plague virus to chicken embryo fibroblast cell culture for vaccine production

2007-08-23T19:31:00Z

A Delphi survey on expert opinion on key signs for clinical diagnosis of Bovine trypanosomosis, tick-borne diseases and helminthoses

2007-08-15T05:18:06Z

Adipose tissue: The largest endocrine organ

Verkest, K. R. og Fleeman, L. M. — 2007-08-23T20:02:06Z

Adipsia and hypernatraemia in a dog with focal hypothalmic granulomatous meningoencephalitis

Mackay, B. M. og Curtis, N. — 2008-06-10T15:01:59Z

Adsorption of bisphosphonate onto hydroxyapatite using a novel co-precipitation technique for bone growth enhancement

2008-01-25T16:57:47Z

Premature bone resorption and remodeling by osteoclasts can limit the longevity of implant fixation and recovery time. Orally administered bisphosphonates (BPs) have been used to inhibit osteoclast action at the implant/bone interface. Ideally, these should be delivered at the interface with the osteoblast-active hydroxyapatite (HA) for maximum effect. This investigation introduces a novel BP loading technique to achieve improved BP release from a simulated body fluid-grown HA (SBF-HA) with the aim of improving implant fixation. A solution co-precipitation technique incorporates the BP (pamidronate) into a thin SBF-HA coating. Surface analysis, using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), of the resultant coating was employed to confirm the presence of the adsorbed BP on the surface of SBF-HA. XPS analysis was also used to determine the optimal adsorption process. Osteoclast cell culture experiments confirmed the biological effectiveness of BP adsorption and proved that the pamidronate was biologically active, causing both decreased osteoclast numbers and decreased resorption. (c) 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Adult immersion tests of acaricide susceptibility in American and Australian strains of Boophilus microplus

2007-08-24T12:56:34Z

Aerosol Delivery Of Spinosad For The Treatment Of Blowfly Strike And Prevention Of Re-Strike In Sheep

2009-01-08T15:31:42Z

Spinosad aerosol has undergone extensive field testing to confirm its efficacy for the treatment of blowfly strike and the prevention of subsequent re-strike in sheep. Spinosad aerosol has been tested in 22 field efficacy studies on 331 sheep with fly strike. Of the 332 strikes treated, 319 resolved after treatment with spinosad aerosol, representing >96% cure rate, and only 12 treated strike sites (3.6%) were subsequently re-struck. The mean dose of spinosad delivered per strike was 191.37mg (range=18.4 - 426.7mg), while the mean dose per cm2 was 6mg (range=0.1 – 80mg). Strike wounds ranged in size from 0.1cm2 to 63cm2 with a mean of 42.5cm2. Field efficacy data was supported by implant studies. In the first implant study, sheep (n=14) were implanted with 300 recently hatched larvae of Lucilia cuprina at 4 sites 2 days before treatment. Immediately before treatment, 2 of the strikes were shorn leaving 1cm wool over the strikes. On each sheep, a shorn and unshorn site was treated with spinosad aerosol at 2 doses delivering approximately 4mg or 20mg spinosad, and larval viability was assessed at 3h and 24h post-treatment. Each site was re-implanted with larvae at 1, 3, 8, 15 and 22 days post-treatment and larval viability assessed 24h after implantation. The high dose of spinosad protected against re-infestation for 22 days, while the low dose provided 100% protection against infestation in short wool, but only 64% protection in unshorn strikes. In a similar study (n=20), spinosad aerosol was applied to implanted sites at 2 doses (approximately 2mg and 11mg per strike). Of the 20 implanted sites for each treatment, spinosad successfully killed all maggots at all sites at the high dose, and at 19 sites at the low dose. Spinosad treatment at both doses prevented the establishment of implants for 7 days after treatment. By 14 days post-treatment, spinosad at the low dose was 100% effective at preventing re-infestation, while the high dose prevented re-infestation in 85% of sites. Spinosad aerosol is a highly efficacious treatment for L. cuprina myiasis in sheep and inhibits subsequent restrike for up to 22 days.

A field trial of the effect of improved piglet management on smallholder sow productivity in the Philippines

Taveros, Alberto A. og More, Simon J. — 2007-08-14T16:43:12Z

We conducted a randomised, controlled field trial during 1998/1999 to evaluate the hypothesis that improved piglet management would improve the reproductive performance of smallholder sows. Simple changes were introduced into the treatment herds including the construction of a heated piglet-separation pen, vitamin injections, creep feeding and early weaning. The control herds were unchanged. Data were collected from all sows in each enrolled herd over two farrowings. We enrolled 176 sows, including 170 (96 treatment and 74 control) sows that remained throughout the study period. Significant differences in the reproductive performance of treatment and control sows were recorded for interfarrowing interval (median 176 versus 220 days), average number liveborn over 2 litters (11 versus 12), and average preweaning mortality over 2 litters (0 versus 37%). Based on a discount rate of 17%, the benefit-cost ratio of the treatment was 11.1 and 12.1 over 3 and 5 years, respectively. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

A field trial to evaluate the effect ot improved piglet mangement on smallholder sow productivity in the Philippines

Taveros, A. og More, S. J. — 2008-06-06T14:29:33Z

A genetic comparison of Pasteurella multocida capsule biosynthetic loci

2008-06-06T14:03:08Z

A homogeneous fluorescence polarization assay for detection of Clostridium perfringens type D epsilon antitoxin in serum of goats

2008-06-10T14:44:08Z

Air embolism

Keates, H. — 2007-08-14T18:04:21Z

Allelic combinations of promoter and exon 2 in DQB1 in dogs and wolves

Berggren, Karin T. og Seddon, Jennifer M. — 2009-03-03T12:48:37Z

Polymorphism of PBRs of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) genes is well recognized, but the polymorphism also extends to proximal promoter regions. Examining DQB1 variability in dogs and wolves, we identified 7 promoter variants and 13 exon 2 alleles among 89 dogs, including a previously unknown DQB1 exon 2 allele, and 8 promoter variants and 9 exon 2 alleles among 85 wolves. As expected from previous studies and from a close chromosomal location, strong linkage disequilibrium was demonstrated in both wolves and dogs by having significantly fewer promoter/exon 2 combinations than expected from simulations of randomized data sets. Interestingly, we noticed weaker haplotypic associations in dogs than in wolves. Dogs had twice as many promoter/exon 2 combinations as wolves and an almost 2-fold difference in the number of exon 2 alleles per promoter variant. This difference was not caused by an admixture of breeds in our group of dogs because the high ratio of observed to expected number of haplotypes persisted within a single dog breed, the German Shepherd. Ewens-Watterson tests indicated that both the promoter and exon 2 are under the balancing selection, and both regions appear to be more recently derived in the dog than in the wolf. Hence, although reasons for the differences are unknown, they may relate to altered selection pressure on patterns of expression. Deviations from normal MHC expression patterns have been associated with autoimmune diseases, which occur frequently in several dog breeds. Further knowledge about these deviations may help us understand the source of such diseases.

A longitudinal analysis of chicken production systems of smallholder farmers in Leyte, Philippines

2007-08-23T20:10:16Z

A longitudinal study of growing pigs raised by smallholder farmers in the Philippines

2008-06-06T14:39:31Z

A longitudinal study of health & performance of Pony Club horses in Australia: Horse health care

Buckley, P. og Morton, J. og Coleman, G. — 2009-04-14T09:56:48Z

A longitudinal study of racing Thoroughbreds: performance during the first years of racing

More, S. J. — 2008-06-10T14:46:00Z

A low carbohydrate, high protein, moderate fat and fiber diet reduces postprandial glucose concentrations compared with a traditionally recommended canine diabetes diet and an adult maintenance diet in healthy dogs

2007-08-15T08:17:59Z

A model to investigate hepatic extraction of oxygen during anaesthesia in the dog

Mills, PC — 2007-08-15T01:24:52Z

Measurement of hepatic oxygen extraction was performed on six healthy Greyhound dogs over a two hour period. The Greyhounds were anaesthetised and a right subcostal surgical incision performed. Ultrasonic flow transducers were used to measure flow rate in the hepatic artery and the portal vein. The blood oxygen tensions in arterial blood and in the portal and hepatic veins were also measured. Hepatic oxygen extraction remained stable throughout the study, despite a steady decline in arterial blood pressure. The methodology described in this study provides a direct measure of oxygen uptake by the liver in the dog and could readily be used to investigate hepatic uptake of drugs. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

A model to study intestinal and hepatic metabolism of propranolol in the dog

Mills, PC og Siebert, GA og Roberts, MS — 2007-08-15T04:17:23Z

A model to investigate hepatic drug uptake and metabolism in the dog was developed for this study. Catheters were placed in the portal and hepatic veins during exploratory laparotomy to collect pre- and posthepatic blood samples at defined intervals. Drug concentrations in the portal vein were taken to reflect intestinal uptake and metabolism of an p.o. administered drug (propranolol), while differences in drug and metabolite concentrations between portal and hepatic veins reflected hepatic uptake and metabolism. A significant difference in propranolol concentration between hepatic and portal veins confirmed a high hepatic extraction of this therapeutic agent in the dog. This technically uncomplicated model may be used experimentally or clinically to determine hepatic function and metabolism of drugs that may be administered during anaesthesia and surgery.

A mouse model to study gut colonization of multi-drug resistant Escherichia coli

2007-08-23T19:38:01Z

Analysis of cross-reactivities of chicken monoclonal antibodies with Eimeria invasive stages antigens

2007-08-23T20:51:45Z

Analysis of the Pasteurella multocida outer membrane sub-proteome and its response to the in vivo environment of the natural host

2007-08-15T08:25:21Z

This study describes the identification of outer membrane proteins (OMPs) of the bacterial pathogen Pasteurella multocida and an analysis of how the expression of these proteins changes during infection of the natural host. We analysed the sarcosine-insoluble membrane fractions, which are highly enriched for OMPs, from bacteria grown under a range of conditions. Initially, the OMP-containing fractions were resolved by 2-DE and the proteins identified by MALDI-TOF MS. In addition, the OMP-containing fractions were separated by 1-D SDS-PAGE and protein identifications were made using nano LC MS/MS. Using these two methods a total of 35 proteins was identified from samples obtained from organisms grown in rich culture medium. Six of the proteins were identified only by 2-DE MALDI-TOF MS, whilst 17 proteins were identified only by 1-D LC MS/MS. We then analysed the OMPs from P. multocida which had been isolated from the bloodstream of infected chickens (a natural host) or grown in iron-depleted medium. Three proteins were found to be significantly up-regulated during growth in vivo and one of these (Pm0803) was also up-regulated during growth in iron-depleted medium. After bioinformatic analysis of the protein matches, it was predicted that over one third of the combined OMPs predicted by the bioinformatics sub-cellular localisation tools PSORTB and Proteome Analyst, had been identified during this study. This is the first comprehensive proteomic analysis of the P. multocida outer membrane and the first proteomic analysis of how a bacterial pathogen modifies its outer membrane proteome during infection.

An Apparent Outbreak of Cutaneous Papillomatosis in Merino Sheep in Patagonia, Argentina

2008-06-10T10:48:27Z

A retrospective study was performed on skin samples from an outbreak of cutaneous papillomatosis in Merino sheep that occurred in 1995. The samples were processed for routine histology, electron microscopy and immunocytochemistry for papilloma viruses. Particles of approximately 55 nm diameter were found in some nuclei of the stratum granulosum cells, while immunocytochemistry gave positive staining of cell nuclei in this layer. This study confirms that papillomas associated with papillomaviruses occur in sheep in Patagonia.