http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/ The University of Queensland en Fez http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:155407 Intracellular calcium levels must be tightly controlled to maintain intracellular homeostasis; a process that is reliant on calcium transporters. One group of calcium transporters, the secretory pathway calcium ATPases (SPCAs), of which two isoforms have been identified, are involved in the transport of calcium and manganese ions across the Golgi apparatus membrane. We investigated the hypothesis that SPCAs, in particular the less widely expressed SPCA2, are important in mammary gland physiology and pathophysiology. We assessed the expression of both SPCA1 and SPCA2 in mammary glands isolated from virgin, pregnant, lactating and involuting mice and their localisation in tissue sections isolated from lactating mice. SPCA2 and SPCA1 mRNA levels were also assessed in a bank of tumorigenic and non-tumorigenic human breast epithelial cell lines and clinical breast cancer samples. We saw an increase in SPCA2 mRNA during lactation and also in the breast cancer derived cell lines compared to normal breast cell lines. We also observed an increase in SPCA2 mRNA in the clinical tumour samples compared to matched normal tissue. We are currently assessing the functional consequences of SPCA2 over-expression on global calcium regulation. These studies will further our understanding of the functional role of SPCA2 in lactation and the consequences of its up-regulation in breast cancer. Our results highlight the importance of SPCA2 in both normal mammary gland physiology and pathophysiology 2008-09-30T00:00:00Z Faddy, H. M. og Smart, C. E. og Brown, M. A. og Feng, M. og Rao, R. og Roberts-Thomson, S. J. og Monteith, G. R. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:83301 2007-08-15T00:00:00Z Hunter, A. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:287102 2012-12-11T15:45:28Z Prakash, Krishneeta C. og Nissen, Lisa M. og Smith, Simon S. og Douglas, James A. og Kyle, Greg J. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:104628 2007-08-23T00:00:00Z Long, R. L. og Steadman, K. J. og Panetta, F. D. og Bekker, R. M. og Probert, R. og Adkins, S. W. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:224590 2010-12-14T00:00:00Z Mortimer, Cindy og Emmerton, Lynne og Lum, Elaine http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:160462 A number of controlled trials and case reports have been published on the use of pimecrolimus in adult patients with chronic refractory oral lichen planus unresponsive to previous therapy. The outcomes of treatment were primarily the reduction in pain and surface area affected. (non-author abstract) 2009-01-12T00:00:00Z Nissen, L. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:160567 A number of noncontrrolled studies and case reports have shown that bosentan may be of symptomatic benefit in Raynaud's phenomenon. The studies show significant improvements in subjective symptoms rather than objective changes in parameters such as blood flow. (non-author abstract) 2009-01-13T00:00:00Z Nissen, Lisa http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:203531 2010-04-19T00:00:00Z Noble, Christy http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:224608 2010-12-14T00:00:00Z Emmerton, L. og Buhrer-Skinner, M. og Nissen, L. og Gardiner, E. og Debattista, J. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:77072 2007-08-15T00:00:00Z Nissen, L. M. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:160718 This series of articles reports key findings from a survey that documented the 'who', 'what', 'why' and 'how' of 3470 medicine purchases from 15 pharmacies in southeast Queensland during five days in August 2006. This article explores findings from the survey question 'Did you enter the pharmacy with a particular brand in mind?' (non- author abstract) 2009-01-14T00:00:00Z Emmerton, L. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:224561 2010-12-14T00:00:00Z LeMay, K. og Armour, C. og Smith, L. og Saini, B. og Bosnic-Anticevich, S. og Krass, I. og Alles, C. og Song, Y. og Reddel, H. og Burton, D. og Cooke, J. og Stewart, K og Soma, J. og Emmerton, L. og Jarvis, V. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:58554 The effect of adding thickening agents on the penetration of a sunscreen benzophenone-3 through epidermal and a high-density polyethylene membrane was studied using both very thick (infinite dose) and thin tin use) applications. Contradictory results were obtained. Thickening agents retard skin penetration, in a manner consistent with a diffusional resistance in the formulation, when applied as an infinite dose. In contrast, when applied as in thin (in use) doses, thickening agents promote penetration, most likely through greater stratum corneum diffusivity arising from an enhanced hydration by the thicker formulations. The two key implications from this work are (i) a recognition of the danger in the potential extrapolation of infinite dosing to in use situations, and (ii) to recognize that thicker formulations may sometimes enhance the penetration of other topical agents when applied in use. 2007-08-14T00:00:00Z Cross, Sheree E. og Jiang, Ruoying og Benson, Heather A. E. og Roberts, Michael S. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:263514 2011-12-15T00:00:00Z Nissen, Lisa M. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:229165 2011-02-15T00:00:00Z Hayatbakhsh, MR og O'Callaghan, MJ og Mamun, AA og Williams, GM og Clavarino, A og Najman, JM http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:62938 2007-08-14T00:00:00Z Kheir, N. og Emmerton, L.M. og Shaw, J. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:196163 2010-02-22T00:00:00Z Nissen, Lisa Monique http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:227042 2011-01-24T00:00:00Z Pulver, Lisa og Wai, Angela og Mulligan, Kathleen og Robertson, Marion og McIntosh, Kylie og Taylor, Donna og Maxwell, David og Loh, Shwu Fen og Nash, Rosie og Thompson, Angus http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:227060 2011-01-24T00:00:00Z Wai, A. og Mulligan, K. og Robertson, M. og Pulver, L. og Taylor, D. og Maxwell, D. og Oliver, K. og Loh, S. F. og Nash, R. og Thompson, A. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:175816 Surgery is the primary and most effective treatment of breast cancer, but minimal residual disease is probably unavoidable. Whether residual disease results in clinical metastases depends on numerous factors, including anti-tumor cell mediated immunity and angiogenic and growth signals in sites of residual disease. At least three perioperative factors adversely affect these: 1) the neuroendocrine stress response to surgery, 2) volatile anesthetics, and 3) opioids. Animal studies indicate that regional anesthesia and optimum postoperative analgesia independently reduce the metastatic burden in animals inoculated with breast adenocarcinoma cells following surgery. Retrospective studies in humans also suggest that regional analgesia may reduce recurrence risk after cancer surgery. We will test the hypothesis that local or metastatic recurrence after breast cancer surgery is lower in patients randomized to paravertebral or high-thoracic epidural analgesia combined with sedation or light anesthesia than in patients given intraoperative volatile anesthesia and postoperative opioid analgesia. In a Phase III, multi-center trial, Stage 1-3 patients having mastectomies for cancer will be randomly assigned to thoracic epidural or paravertebral anesthesia/analgesia, or to sevoflurane anesthesia and morphine analgesia. The primary outcome will be cancer recurrence. Enrolling 1100 patients over 5 years will provide 85% power for detecting a 30% treatment effect at an alpha of 0.05. We plan four equally spaced interim analyses, each evaluating efficacy and futility. Confirming our hypothesis will indicate that a small modification to anesthetic management, one that can be implemented with little risk or cost, will reduce the risk of cancer recurrence -- a complication that is often ultimately lethal. 2009-04-15T00:00:00Z Sessler, Daniel I. og Ben-Eliyahu, Shamgar og Mascha, Edward J. og Parat, Marie-Odile og Buggy, Donal J. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:99505 Rural and remote community pharmacies service large areas of rural Queensland, and because of the distances involved often do not meet the patients for whom they provide medication. Telepharmacy would improve the quality of pharmaceutical services provided in rural and remote areas, by allowing community pharmacists to have realtime contact with dispensing doctors, aboriginal health workers and patients via a video-phone. We used commercial (analogue) videophones to connect community pharmacists to dispensing doctors, patients in depot pharmacies (i.e. those with no pharmacist) and aboriginal health workers. However, various problems occurred and only 10 video-phone interactions were recorded during the six-month project. In all of the recorded interactions, the video-phone was actually used as a conventional telephone because a video-connection could not be established at the time of the call. (This may have been due to telephone network problems in the rural areas.) Despite these problems, all project participants showed great enthusiasm for the potential benefits of such a service. 2007-08-24T00:00:00Z Nissen, L. M. og Tett, S.E. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:59387 Methyl tetra-O-allyl, and tetra-O-[2-(tetrahydro-2H-pyranyl)oxy.-3-oxapentyl glucosides, and tetra-O-(cyanoethyl)galactosyl azide were converted into derivatives containing linkers with terminal carboxylic acid functionalities at the anomeric position and bearing four arms with phthaloyl- or BOC-protected terminal amino groups. These molecules were suitable for use in solid-phase peptide synthesis and for the preparation of dendrimers, containing multiple copies of peptides. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. 2007-08-14T00:00:00Z McGeary, R. P. og Jablonkai, I. og Toth, I. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:146988 2008-06-06T00:00:00Z Jones, P. J. og Metcalfe, I. og Engel, B. A. og Playford, G. og Rigby, J. og Roberts, J. og Turner, S. og Webb, G. E. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:73032 2007-08-15T00:00:00Z Robinson, M. T. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:144531 2008-06-10T00:00:00Z Robinson, M. T. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:62028 2007-08-14T00:00:00Z Rowe, P. A. og Boyce, R. A. og Boyle, M. V. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:115841 4-Fluoro-7-nitro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole (NBD-F) was evaluated as a fluorogenic derivatization reagent for the analysis of the catecholamines, dopamine, epinephrine, norepinephrine, and their naturally occurring metabolites, metanephrine and normetanephrine, homovanillic acid, 3,4-dihydroxyphenyl acetic acid. These compounds reacted rapidly with NBD-F under mild conditions to form stable derivatives. The optimal reaction conditions were found to be 12.5 mM borate buffer pH 8.0 in water:acetonitrile (1:1) at 50 degreesC for 5 min. New NBD derivatives of all the catecholamines and metabolites were prepared and purified and were shown by electrospray mass spectrometry to be fully reacted at all available catechol and amine sites, resulting in di- or tri-substituted derivatives. Homovanillic acid and 3,4-dihydroxyphenyl acetic acid reacted with NBD-F but gave non-fluorescent derivatives. The fluorescence excitation wavelength maximum demonstrated a red shift for the derivatives with increasing polarity of the solvent and the fluorescence intensity increased linearly with increasing organic ratio in the solvent-aqueous buffer complex. The presence of electrolyte in the solvent and the electrolyte concentration in the solvent-electrolyte complex had little effect on the fluorescent intensity. The fluorescence quantum yields in acetonitrile were also obtained. The separation behavior of the NBD-catecholamines was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The studies demonstrated good potential for the application of NBD-F derivatization to the quantitative analysis of catecholamines and related compounds in biological matrices. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. 2007-10-17T00:00:00Z Zhu, Xunlin og Shaw, P. Nicholas og Barrett, David A. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:225338 2010-12-20T00:00:00Z Charles, B.G. og Denaro, C. og Ravenscroft, P.J. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:273022 2012-04-23T14:57:15Z Parat, Marie-Odile og Riggins, Gregory J. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:277819 2012-07-23T13:49:21Z Fu, Yi og Moore, Xiao-Lei og Lee, Man K. S. og Fernández-Rojo, Manuel A. og Parat, Marie-Odile og Parton, Robert G. og Meikle, Peter J. og Sviridov, Dmitri og Chin-Dusting, Jaye P. F. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:163120 Polarization is a hallmark of migrating cells, and an asymmetric distribution of proteins is essential to the migration process. Caveolin-1 is highly polarized in migrating endothelial cells (EC). Several studies have shown caveolin-1 accumulation in the front of migrating EC while others report its accumulation in the EC rear. In this paper we address these conflicting results on polarized localization of caveolin-1. We find evidence for the hypothesis that different modes of locomotion lead to differences in protein polarization. In particular, we show that caveolin-1 is primarily localized in the rear of cells migrating on a planar substrate, but in the front of cells traversing a three-dimensional pore. We also show that a chemoattractant, present either as a gradient or ubiquitously in the medium, does not alter caveolin-1 localization in cells in either mode of locomotion. Thus we conclude that substrate topology, and not the presence of a chemoattractant, directs the polarization of caveolin-1 in motile ECs. 2009-02-05T00:00:00Z Santilman, Virginie og Baran, JoAnne og Anand-Apte, Bela og Fox, Paul L. og Parat, Marie-Odile http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:135903 Caveolin-1 influences cell migration through multiple signaling pathways. In a previous report, we have shown that caveolin-1 is polarized in three-dimensional migrating endothelial cells (EC), and that caveolin-1 accumulation at the front of transmigrating cells requires the phosphorylatable Tyr14 residue of caveolin-1. Immuno-electron microscopy further indicated that caveolin-1 was distributed along cytoskeletal structures in the anterior of transmigrating EC [Parat MO, Anand-Apte B, Fox PL (Mol Biol Cell 14:3156–3168, 2003)]. In the present study, we investigate whether caveolin-1 interacts with intermediate filaments (IF) and whether this interaction is required for caveolin-1 polarization in transmigrating cells. The distribution of vimentin is polarized in cells traversing a filter pore and overlaps with the distribution of caveolin-1, which accumulates in the cell front. In vivo sprouting EC also exhibit an anterior polarization of these two proteins. Furthermore, caveolin-1 co-purifies with intermediate filaments, suggesting an interaction between caveolin-1 and IF. Vimentin-deficient SW13 cells exhibit a dramatically altered polarization of caveolin-1-GFP, which no longer accumulates in the protruding cell extension. In addition, the Tyr14 residue of caveolin-1 is required for co-purification of the protein with IF. Taken together, our results show that caveolin-1 Tyr14 is necessary for binding to intermediate filaments, which in turn is required for anterior polarization of caveolin-1 in transmigrating cells. 2008-04-22T00:00:00Z Santilman, V. og Baran, J. og Anand-Apte, B. og Evans, R. M. og Parat, M. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:75085 The role of the therapeutic drug monitoring laboratory in support of immunosuppressant drug therapy is well established, and the introduction of sirolimus (SRL) is a new direction in this field. The lack of an immunoassay for several years has restricted the availability of SRL assay services. The recent availability of a CEDIA (R) SRL assay has the potential to improve this situation. The present communication has compared the CEDIA (R) SRL method with 2 established chromatographic methods, HPLC-UV and HPLC-MS/MS. The CEDIA (R) method, run on a Hitachi 917 analyzer, showed acceptable validation criteria with within-assay precision of 9.1% and 3.3%, and bias of 17.1% and 5.8%, at SRL concentrations of 5.0 mu g/L and 20 mu g/L, respectively. The corresponding between-run precision values were 11.5% and 3.3% and bias of 7.1% and 2.9% at 5.0 mu g/L and 20 mu g/L, respectively, The lower limit of quantification was found to be 3.0 mu g/L. A series of 96 EDTA whole-blood samples predominantly from renal transplant recipients were assayed by the 3 methods for comparison. It was found that the CEDIA (R) method showed a Deming regression line of CEDIA = 1.20 X HPLC-MS/MS - 0.07 (r = 0.934, SEE = 1.47), with a mean bias of 20.4%. Serial blood samples from 8 patients included in this evaluation showed that the CEDIA (R) method reflected the clinical fluctuations in the chromatographic methods, albeit with the variable bias noted. The CEDIA (R) method on the H917 analyzer is therefore a useful adjunct to SRL dosage individualization in renal transplant recipients. 2007-08-15T00:00:00Z Westley, IS og Morris, RG og Taylor, PJ og Salm, P og James, MJ http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:99215 2007-08-24T00:00:00Z Cabot, P. J. og Hermanussen, S. F. og Tang, L.W.C. og Monteith, G. R. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:198114 2010-03-08T00:00:00Z Wilkinson, A, http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:265414 The different transport pathways of 5-nm polymer-coated gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) crossing epithelial Caco-2 cell monolayers were explored. We found that the majority of cationic and neutral AuNPs depended heavily on endocytosis for cellular uptake and transport, and the anionic charged nanoparticles trafficked preferentially through the tight junctions (i.e., a paracellular pathway). The current study demonstrates that the surface chemistry of neutral polymer coatings dictate the trafficking through Caco-2 cell monolayers; poly(ethylene glycol)-coated AuNPs traffic via an endocytosis pathway assisted by microtubules; poly(2,3-hydroxy-propylacrylamide)-coated AuNPs traffic via endocytosis but assisted by other nonmicrotubular pathways. The AuNPs coated with poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (hydrophobic above the lower critical solution temperature of 32°C) traffic via either the microtubule-assisted endocytosis pathway or the paracellular pathway depending on the temperature. This knowledge will aid in the future of the design of nanoparticles as potential oral drug carriers. 2012-01-19T00:00:00Z Lin, I-Chun og Liang, Mingtao og Liu, Tzu-Yu og Monteiro, Michael J. og Toth, Istvan http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:179005 A small library of carriers consisting of various combinations of the cell penetrating peptide TAT, the SV40 Large T protein nuclear localisation signal (NLS) and a cationic dendrimer of 7 lysine residues (DEN) was synthesised and each member was tested for its ability to deliver exogenous DNA to human HeLa cells. We found that the TAT peptide was essential, but not sufficient for efficient uptake of exogenous DNA. The addition of either NLS or DEN significantly enhanced uptake and expression with the most active carrier consisting of the TAT, NLS and DEN peptides. For those peptides that facilitated DNA uptake, the complexes were targeted to intracellular compartments that required incubation with a fusogenic agent such as chloroquine before gene expression was observed. However, our data suggest that chloroquine did not enhance expression solely by promoting endosomal release since a fusogenic peptide derived from the influenza virus haemagglutinin protein did not improve gene expression. Chloroquine was found to protect DNA from degradation and enhance transcription of DNA bound to the respective carriers. Our results demonstrate that multi-component peptide-based gene carriers can be designed to deliver exogenous DNA. The actions of lysosomotropic agents such as chloroquine reveal the multifactorial properties required for carriers used in non-viral gene delivery. 2009-07-07T00:00:00Z Yang, Shu og Coles, David J. og Esposito, Anna og Mitchell, Deanne J. og Toth, Istvan og Minchin, Rodney F. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:164460 2009-02-16T00:00:00Z Kairuz, Therese http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:58514 More than 1,300 different mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) are the cause for cystic fibrosis. CFTR is in charge of proper secretion and absorption of electrolytes, and thus the disease is characterized by defective epithelial Cl– secretion and enhanced Na+ absorption. Recent studies show that CFTR interacts with other proteins via PDZ domains. 2007-08-14T00:00:00Z Kunzelmann, K. H. P. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:283813 2012-10-24T00:00:00Z Cichero, Julie A. Y. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:83160 2007-08-15T00:00:00Z Hunter, A. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:63183 2007-08-14T00:00:00Z Brown, M. G. og Hicks, V. og Tett, S. E http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:270186 2012-03-16T00:00:00Z Gujral, Gina og Winckel, Karl H. og Garrahy, P. og Nissen, Lisa M. og Cottrell, Neil http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:260694 2011-11-06T00:00:00Z Barraclough, Katherine og Staatz, Christine og Lee, Katie og Johnson, David og Campbell, Scott og Hawley, Carmel og Leary, Diana og Isbel, Nicole http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:147899 2008-06-06T00:00:00Z Mamic, T. M. og Roberts-Thomson, S. J. og Holman, N. A. og Monteith, G. R. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:163217 2009-02-05T00:00:00Z Baker, K. S og Plummer, J. A. og Steadman, K. J. og Merritt, D. og Dixon, K. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:260775 2011-11-07T00:00:00Z Mohammad Chowdhury og Robinson, Jodie A. og Monteith, Gregory R. og Roberts-Thomson, Sarah J. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:79678 Purpose Evidence is growing that early use of disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) and combinations of these drugs provide optimal care for people with rheumatoid arthirits. The aim of this study was to describe objectively the pattern of consumption of DMARDs in the Australian community (community-based prescribing, specialist and general practitioner) 1992-2004, and to compare this with prescribing patterns reported in other countries. Method Dispensing statistics from the Pharmaceutical Benefit Scheme (PBS-Australia's universal prescription subsidy scheme) were analysed and temporal trends evaluated. Drug consumption was calculated as the number of dispensed defined daily doses (DDD)/1000 inhabitants/day (WHO ATC/DDD classification 2005). Results The consumption of DMARDs in the Australian community increased steadily from 2.6 DDD/1000 inhabitants/ day in 1992 to 5.5 DDD/1000 inhabitants/day. Over the period 1992-2004, methotrexate (MTX) was the most commonly used DMARD (from 0.6 to 3.0 DDD/1000 inhabitants/day). Consumption of gold (parentcral and oral) and penicillamine declined during this time. The inclusion of leflunomide on the PBS in 2000 contributed to the increase in DMARD usage. Conclusion Use of DMARDs within the Australian community has increased in recent years, coinciding with the change in guidelines for therapy for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) to earlier use of DMARDs and the more common use of combinations. This study used DDD methodology to quantify trends for DMARD consumption and these trends are broadly consistent with international prescribing patterns assessed using different methodologies. Copyright (c) 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 2007-08-15T00:00:00Z Chan, V. og Tett, S. E. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:95959 2007-08-24T00:00:00Z Haaijer-Ruskamp, F.M. og Avorn, J. og May, F. og Denig, P. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:101006 2007-08-23T00:00:00Z Souzani, S. og Lee, B. L. og Lynne, T. og Stowasser, D.