http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/ The University of Queensland en Fez http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:152701 2008-08-12T00:00:00Z Moore, B. J. og Nissen, L. M. og O'Callaghan, J. P. og Smith, M. T. og Zin, C. S. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:77153 Indomethacin (IND) is the drug of choice for the closure of a patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in neonates. This paper describes a simple, sensitive, accurate and precise microscale HPLC method suitable for the analysis of IND in plasma of premature neonates. Samples were prepared by plasma protein precipitation with acetonitrile containing the methyl ester of IND as the internal standard (IS). Chromatography was performed on a Hypersil C-18 column. The mobile phase of methanol, water and orthophosphoric acid (70:29.5:0.5, v/v, respectively), was delivered at 1.5 mL/min and monitored at 270 nm. IND and the IS were eluted at 2.9 and 4.3 min, respectively. Calibrations were linear (r > 0.999) from 25 to 2500 mu g/L. The inter- and intra-day assay imprecision was less than 4.3% at 400-2000 mu g/L, and less than 22.1% at 35 mu g/L. Inaccuracy ranged from -6.0% to +1.0% from 35 to 2000 mu g/L. The absolute recovery of IND over this range was 93.0-113.3%. The IS was stable for at least 36 h when added to plasma at ambient temperature. This method is suitable for pharmacokinetic studies of IND and has potential for monitoring therapy in infants with PDA when a target therapeutic range for IND has been validated. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. 2007-08-15T00:00:00Z Al Za'abi, MA og Dehghanzadeh, GH og Norris, RLG og Charles, BG http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:77230 2007-08-15T00:00:00Z Redmann, S. og Charles, B. G. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:225558 In the course of recent studies on the disposition of sulphasalazine in patients with large bowel disease we have developed a rapid, sensitive HPLC method for the determination of 5 aminosalicylate (AS), sulphapyridine (SP) and their acetylated metabolites (AcAS and AcSP). The advantage of the present assay over previous HPLC assays is that it measures all the metabolites simultaneously and consequently is more rapid. 2010-12-20T00:00:00Z Shaw, P.N. og Sivner, A..L og Aarons, L. og Houston, J.B. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:238543 2011-03-24T00:00:00Z Duffull, S. B. og Eccleston, J. A. og Redmann, S. og Waterhouse, T. H. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:63261 2007-08-14T00:00:00Z Dean, Angela J. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:101013 2007-08-23T00:00:00Z Brillant, M. og Angel, L. og Emmerton, L.M. og Glass, B. og Peterson, G. og Raymond, K. og Stewart, K. og Sunderland, B. og Thompson, C. og Armour, C. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:285457 2012-11-15T15:09:19Z Latter, Sue og Smith, Alesha og Blenkinsopp, Alison og Nicholls, Peter og Little, Paul og Chapman, Stephen http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:58562 Objectives: Although monitoring of cyclosporin (CsA) is standard clinical practice postrenal transplantation. mycophenolic acid (MPA) concentrations are not routinely measured. There is evidence that a relationship exists between MPA area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) and rejection. In this study, a retrospective analysis was undertaken of 27 adult renal transplant recipients. Methods: Patients received CsA and MPA therapy and had a four-point MPA AUC investigation. The relationship between MPA AUC performed in the first week after transplantation, as well as median trough cyclosporin concentrations, and clinical outcomes in the first month posttransplant were evaluated. Results: A total of 12 patients experienced biopsy proven rejection (44.4%) and 4 patients had gastrointestinal adverse events (14.8%). A statistically significant relationship was observed between the incidence of biopsy proven rejection and both MPA AUC (p = 0.02) and median trough CsA concentration (p = 0.008). No relationship between trough MPA concentration and rejection was observed (p = 0.21). Only 3 of 11 (27%) patients with an MPA AUC > 30 mg.h/L and a median trough CsA > 175 mug/L experienced acute rejection, compared with a 56% incidence of rejection for the remaining 16 patients. Patients who experienced adverse gastrointestinal events had significantly lower MPA AUC (p = 0.04), but median trough CsA concentrations were not significantly different (p = 0.24). Further, 3 of these 4 patients had rejection episodes. Conclusions: in addition to standard CsA monitoring, we propose further investigation of the use of a 4-point sampling strategy to predict MPA AUC in the first week posttransplant, which may facilitate optimization of mycophenolate mofetil dose at a rime when patients are most vulnerable to acute rejection. (C) 2001 The Canadian Society of Clinical Chemists. All rights reserved. 2007-08-14T00:00:00Z Pillans, Peter I. og Rigby, Russell J. og Kubler, Paul og Willis, Charlene og Salm, Paul og Tett, Susan E. og Taylor, Paul J. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:153214 Akathisia is a distressing disorder that manifests as a state of restlessness and motor agitation. We aim to highlight the problem of akathisia to the palliative care physician by identifying and quantifying risk factors in the terminally ill. A retrospective case-control study was utilized to investigate risk factors for akathisia. Medical records of cases (N = 100) and controls (N = 365) archived in a computerized database were downloaded and risk factors determined using conditional logistic regression analyses. Exposure to pharmacologically similar drugs, such as haloperidol [odds ratio (OR), 18.4; 95% confidence interval (CI), 8.2-41.4], prochlorperazine (OR, 8.1; 95% CI, 3.0-21.8), and promethazine (OR, 3.3; 95% CI, 1.3-8.0), conferred an increased risk. Other significant variables were exposure to morphine (OR, 5.3; 95% CI, 1.9-14.2), sodium valproate (OR, 2.5; 95% CI, 1.0-6.4), and sodium bicarbonate/tartrate (Ural) (OR, 4.2; 95% CI, 1.2-15.3). Highlighting factors that predispose patients to akathisia emphasizes that this syndrome should not be forgotten when treating the terminally ill. It is recommended that those drugs identified should be judicially used and carefully monitored. 2008-08-28T00:00:00Z Gattera, John A. og Charles, Bruce G. og Williams, Gail M. og Cavenagh, John D. og Smithurst, Barry A. og Luchjenbroers, Jack http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:59597 2007-08-14T00:00:00Z Cutts, C. og Sims, S. A. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:198128 2010-03-08T00:00:00Z Emmerton, L. M. og Chew, S. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:147738 2008-06-06T00:00:00Z Cutts, C. og Tett, S. E. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:279338 2012-08-27T11:42:05Z Tan, Amy Chen Wee og Emmerton, Lynne og Hattingh, Hendrik Laetitia http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:154927 Are we undertreating pain in children? This is a question that has been raised in the medical and lay press at various times over the past few years. Yet it has been more than 25 years since the first reports were published highlighting the inadequate treatment of children's pain. Dr Lisa Nissen asks if anything has changed in our understanding, assessment and management of pain in children over the past 25 years. (editor abstract) 2008-09-01T00:00:00Z Nissen, Lisa http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:67166 2007-08-15T00:00:00Z Robinson, M. T. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:164678 2009-02-17T00:00:00Z Kairuz, T. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:163172 Caveolae are specialized plasma membrane subdomains capable of transport and sophisticated compartmentalization of cell signaling. Numerous cell functions, including cell type-specific functions, involve caveolae and require caveolin-1, the major protein component of these organelles. Caveolae are particularly abundant in endothelial cells and participate in endothelial transcytosis, vascular permeability, vasomotor tone control, and vascular reactivity. Caveolin-1 drives the formation of plasma membrane caveolae and anchors them to the actin cytoskeleton, modulates cell interaction with the extracellular matrix, pulls together and regulates signaling molecules, and transports cholesterol. Via these functions, caveolin-1 might play an important role in cell movement through control of cell membrane composition and membrane surface expansion, polarization of signaling molecules and matrix proteolysis, and/or cytoskeleton remodeling. Caveolae and caveolin-1 are polarized in migrating endothelial cells, indicating they may play a role in cell motility. Several studies have shown that manipulation of caveolin-1 expression affects cell migration in a complex way. We are reviewing the current data and hypotheses in favor of an essential role for caveolae in cell migration. 2009-02-05T00:00:00Z Navarro, Angels og Anand-Apte, Bela og Parat, Marie-Odile http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:155229 2008-09-25T00:00:00Z Faddy, H. M. og Monteith, G. R. og Roberts-Thomson, S. J. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:77080 2007-08-15T00:00:00Z Nissen, L. M. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:176366 2009-04-16T00:00:00Z de Brouwer, Arjan P. M. og Duley, John A. og Christodoulou, John http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:129880 Arts syndrome is an X-linked disorder characterized by mental retardation, early-onset hypotonia, ataxia, delayed motor development, hearing impairment, and optic atrophy. Linkage analysis in a Dutch family and an Australian family suggested that the candidate gene maps to Xq22.1-q24. Oligonucleotide microarray expression profiling of fibroblasts from two probands of the Dutch family revealed reduced expression levels of the phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate synthetase 1 gene (PRPS1). Subsequent sequencing of PRPS1 led to the identification of two different missense mutations, c.455T -> C (p.L152P) in the Dutch family and c.398A -> C (p.Q133P) in the Australian family. Both mutations result in a loss of phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate synthetase 1 activity, as was shown in silico by molecular modeling and was shown in vitro by phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate synthetase activity assays in erythrocytes and fibroblasts from patients. This is in contrast to the gain-of-function mutations in PRPS1 that were identified previously in PRPS-related gout. The loss-of-function mutations of PRPS1 likely result in impaired purine biosynthesis, which is supported by the undetectable hypoxanthine in urine and the reduced uric acid levels in serum from patients. To replenish low levels of purines, treatment with S-adenosylmethionine theoretically could have therapeutic efficacy, and a clinical trial involving the two affected Australian brothers is currently underway. 2008-02-18T00:00:00Z de Brouwer, A. P. M. og Williams, K. L. og Duley, J. A. og van Kuilenburg, A. B. P. og Nabuurs, S. B. og Egmont-Petersen, M. og Lugtenberg, D. og Zoetekouw, L. og Banning, M. J. G. og Roeffen, M. og Hamel, B. C. J. og Weaving, L. og Ouvrier, R. A. og Donald, J. A. og Wevers, RA og Christodoulou, J. og van Bokhoven, H. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:289305 2013-01-18T10:36:26Z Shekar, Kiran og Roberts, Jason A. og Welsh, Susan og Buscher, Hergen og Rudham, Sam og Burrows, Fay og Ghassabian, Sussan og Wallis, Steven C. og Levkovich, Bianca og Pellegrino, Vin og McGuiness, Shay og Parke, Rachael og Gilder, Eileen og Barnett, Adrian G. og Walsham, James og Mullany, Daniel V. og Fung, Yoke L. og Smith, Maree T. og Fraser, John F. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:121190 Objective To establish the range of medicine information sources used by consumers and their perception of the reliability of these, using the repertory grid technique. Method Consumers visiting three community pharmacies in Brisbane, Australia, were interviewed using the repertory grid technique. During the interview, consumers were asked to name up to three medicine information sources that they used for a supermarket medicine, an over-the-counter medicine and a prescription medicine. They were then presented with their named information sources in groups of three and asked to discriminate between these in terms of their perceived reliability of the information source. The descriptors used by the consumer to discriminate between the information sources are known as constructs and these were recorded. The consumer was then asked to rate each of their information sources against each generated construct. Main outcome measure The range of information sources generated was determined along with the perceived reliability of these from the calculated median score of each information source when rated on each generated construct. Results A total of 110 consumers were interviewed and identified 648 information sources that they would use. The most frequent information sources cited by the 110 consumers were their doctor (83%), written information (90%) and the pharmacist (78%). There were a total of 299 constructs generated by 88 of the consumers and these were themed into 16 discrete categories. The most common generated constructs themes were “good knowledge” (15%), “training” (14%) and “trustworthiness” (13%). The consumer perception of their information sources were that the doctor and pharmacist have good knowledge (median score 1) and are trained (median score 1) and were perceived to be trustworthy (median score 3 and 2, respectively). Conclusion The repertory grid technique was successful in identifying the information sources consumers accessed to find out about their medicines and in identifying the perception of these sources in terms of their reliability. The repertory grid technique offers a novel method for future research into consumer preferences for different treatment options. 2007-12-21T00:00:00Z Tio, J. H. X. og La Caze, A. B. og Cottrell, W. Neil http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:238274 2011-03-23T00:00:00Z Lledo, Rocio og Hennig, Stefanie og Nyberg, Joakim og Hooker, Andrew C. og Karlsson, Mats O. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:163710 Toward the end of the 1980s, the care of terminally ill patients in New Zealand moved from state-owned hospitals into community hospice settings. As a result, responsibility for the management of medicines for patients receiving palliative care also transferred to the community hospice environment. To meet the requirements of palliative care patients and to facilitate the compounding of sterile preparations, community pharmacists began to compound certain aseptic preparations with a Still Air Box, a unique apparatus that is an alternative to the more expensive and bulky laminar airflow cabinets. 2009-02-10T00:00:00Z Gargiulo, Derryn og Kairuz, Therese Eileen http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:230723 2011-03-01T00:00:00Z McGuire, Treasure http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:164694 2009-02-17T00:00:00Z Kairuz, T. og Hsu, J. og Huang, A. og Patel, K. og Singh, J. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:163476 2009-02-09T00:00:00Z Kairuz, Therese E. og Huange, A. og Hsu, P. og Singh, J. og Patel, K. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:175462 2009-04-14T00:00:00Z Boyce, R. A. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:72407 2007-08-15T00:00:00Z Cottrell, N. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:67007 2007-08-15T00:00:00Z Nissen, L. M. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:160170 Background: Although QT prolongation is associated with an increased risk of torsades de pointes (TdP), it is unclear how clinicians determine risk in individual patients with prolonged QT. Aims: To investigate physicians’ interpretation of electrocardiogram (ECG) values in patients with a prolonged QT in reference to risk of TdP. Methods: A survey was sent to Australasian emergency physicians (EPs) to investigate interpretation of ECG data in risk assessment for TdP. The survey contained three sections: demographic information, questions on heart rate correction and six sets of ECG data which the clinician ranked from low to high risk. Risk analysis for ECG values was performed by producing histograms of the distribution of responses for each of the six sets of ECG parameters. These distributions were compared to predicted distributions based on Bazett’s corrected QT > 500 ms and the QT nomogram. The QT nomogram is a recently developed method for assessing whether QT-HR pairs are associated with increased risk of TdP by plotting them to determine if they are above an at risk line—the nomogram. Results: Of 720 surveys sent out, 249 were returned (35%). A heart rate correction was used by 90% of respondents and the median “at risk” QTc judged by EPs was 450 ms [interquartile range (IQR): 440–500 ms]. Respondents were divided as to whether bradycardia increased the risk of TdP, with equal numbers responding “no change” and “more caution”. In four of the six sets of ECG parameters, EPs had a similar risk distribution to that predicted by Bazett. For one point predicted to be high risk by the QT nomogram, there was a uniform (undecided) risk distribution by EPs. Conclusions: EPs mainly relied on Bazett’s correction as their method of TdP risk assessment, which may be problematic for bradycardic patients. 2009-01-08T00:00:00Z Chan, A. S. Y. og Isbister, G. K. og Kirkpatrick, C. M. J. og Duffull, S. B. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:136926 2008-05-01T00:00:00Z Kheir, Nadir M. og Emmerton, Lynne og Shaw, John P. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:265516 2012-01-19T00:00:00Z Prakash, Krishneeta og Nissen, Lisa M. og Smith, S. og Kyle, G. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:225370 2010-12-20T00:00:00Z Sidhu, J.S. og Charles, B.G. og Triggs, E.J. og Tudehope, D.I. og Gray, P.H. og Steer, P.A. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:104042 2007-08-23T00:00:00Z Patel, A. og Smith, M. T. og South, S. M. og Cabot, P. J. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:102162 2007-08-23T00:00:00Z Patel, A. og Smith, M. T. og South, S. M. og Cabot, P. J. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:103904 2007-08-23T00:00:00Z Jaturanpinyo, M. og Thomas, R. og Davies, N. M. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:147764 2008-06-06T00:00:00Z Roberts-Thomson, S. J. og May, F. J. og Suchanek, K. M. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:95674 2007-08-23T00:00:00Z Jenkins, N.S. og Seymour, M.G. og Holman, N. A. og Monteith, G. R. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:261426 2011-11-15T00:00:00Z Curry, Merril og Roberts-Thomson, Sarah J. og Monteith, Gregory R. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:101220 2007-08-23T00:00:00Z Aung, C. S. og Lee, W. J. og Huynh, H. og Tran, K. M. og Robinson, J. A. og Faddy, H. M. og Gopisetty Venkata, N. og Roberts-Thomson, S. J. og Monteith, G. R. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:101219 2007-08-23T00:00:00Z Patel, A. og Smith, M. T. og Cabot, P. J. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:270197 Infertility is usually defined as the failure to achieve a clinical pregnancy after 12 months or more of regular unprotected sexual intercourse. It can be primary in couples who have never conceived or secondary in couples who have conceived previously. It can result from a range of genetic, medical, surgical or trauma related causes. Infertility can be a stressful and distressing experience for couples and individuals wishing to have children. This emotional impact cannot be underestimated when considering the treatment options available. 2012-03-16T14:04:54Z Deldot, Megan og Nissen, Lisa http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:219014 2010-10-24T00:00:00Z Hayatbakhsh, Mohammad R. og Najman, Jake M. og Clavarino, Alexandra og Bor, William og Williams, Gail M. og O'Callaghan, Michael J. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:261865 2011-11-20T00:00:00Z Mamun, Abdullah A. og Callaway, Leonie K. og O'Callaghan, Michael J. og Williams, Gail M. og Najman, Jake M. og Alati, Rosa og Clavarino, Alexandra og Lawlor, Debbie A. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:225439 2010-12-20T00:00:00Z Barrett, David A. og Shaw, P.Nicholas http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:274648 2012-05-24T14:45:37Z Norris, R. L. G. og Paul, M. og George, R. og Moore, A. og Pinkerton, R. og Haywood, A. og Charles, B. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:228089 2011-02-04T00:00:00Z Setiadi, Sharon og Kairuz,Therese og Islam, Nazrul