School of Medicine Publications - UQ eSpace http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/ The University of Queensland en Fez http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss A comparative study of telephone versus onsite completion of the WOMAC 3.0 Osteoarthritis Index http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:62362 Objective. Outcome assessment in clinical trials using the Western Ontario and McMaster University (WOMAC 3.0) Osteoarthritis Index is traditionally achieved through self-administration of the Index. However, in other areas of clinical measurement, telephone administration has been shown to be a reliable method of acquiring data that are both accurate and complete. To address this issue in knee osteoarthritis (OA), we conducted a comparative study of telephone administration by interviewer of WOMAC LK3.0 versus onsite self-completion at the hospital. Methods. Fifty consenting patients with knee OA were randomized to complete the WOMAC LK3.0 Index by telephone interview one day, followed by onsite completion the following day, or vice versa. Neither patients nor interviewers had access to any prior scores. Results. The mean age of the 50 patients was 66.3 years (range 44-82); 34 (68%) were female and 16 (32%) male. There was excellent agreement between the mean office and telephone scores, with mean differences for the WOMAC LK3.0 pain, stiffness, and function subscale scores and total score of 0.09, 0.12, 0.78, and 0.98, respectively. These differences were well within the respective protocol defined equivalence criteria of +/- 1.7, +/- 0.9, +/- 6.4, and +/- 9.1, and represented differences from office scores of 0.9, 2.6, 2.4, and 2.2%, respectively. Conclusion. The use of telephone interviews for the WOMAC LK3.0 Index is a valid method of obtaining OA outcome measurements. These observations have important implications for designing data acquisition strategies for future OA clinical trials and for longterm observational studies. 2007-08-14T00:00:00Z Bellamy, N og Campbell, J og Hill, J og Band, P A comparative study of the prevalence of abdominal aortic aneurysms in the United Kingdom, Denmark, and Australia http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:114545 Objectives-To compare attendance and prevalence of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) in population based randomised trials of sonographic screening in the United Kingdom, Western Australia, and Denmark. Methods-65 290 men were randomised to screening in the four trials, and data were collected and analysed from 46 397 aortic scans for men aged between 64 and 83 years who attended one of four community screening programmes, Comparisons were made for age standardised populations (65-74 years). Results-Age standardised attendance varied between 74% and 81%, and was highest in the United Kingdom and lowest in Western Australia. Age standardised prevalence of AAAs of 3.0 cm or more varied significantly between 4.5% and 7.7%, and was highest in the United Kingdom and lowest in Denmark. Conclusions-Participation in the four programmes compares favourably with other reported screening studies, The possibility that variations may reflect the different recruitment methods used is discussed. The prevalence of AAA in central Denmark would appear to be significantly different from that in southern England and Western Australia. 2007-10-17T10:59:11Z Ashton, H. og CASS GrpCouto, E. og Duffy, S. og Jamrozik, K. og Lindholt, J. og Scott, R. A. P. og Vardulaki, K. og Walker, N. og Druce, S. og Kay, D. N. og Fasting, H. og Henneberg, E. W. og Juul, S. og Sahlholdt, A. og Vammen, S. og Bridgewater, S. og Buxton, M. J. og Collin, J. og Colehan, J. og Couto, E. og Day, N. E. og Dewbury, K. og Hardy, E. og Langham-Brown, J. A comparison between imageless navigated and manual freehand technique acetabular cup placement in total hip arthroplasty http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:245257 2011-08-10T00:00:00Z Hohmann, Erik og Bryant, Adam og Tetsworth, Kevin A comparison between rural speech pathologists’ and rural residents’ access and attitudes towards the use of information technology and telecommunications for speech pathology service delivery http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:216438 2010-09-15T00:00:00Z Dunkley, Carolyn og Pattie, Lydelle og McAllister, Lindy og Wilson, Linda A comparison of Angio-Seal and StarClose vascular closure device safety following interventional neuroradiology procedures http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:217199 2010-09-27T00:00:00Z Coulthard, A. og Fahey, P. og Fidler, M. og Velkovic, J. A comparison of anthropometric indices for predicting hypertension and type 2 diabetes in a male industrial population of Chennai, South India http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:195574 2010-02-17T00:00:00Z Kaur, P. og Radhakrishnan, E. og Sankarasubbaiyan, S. og Rao, S. R. og Kondalsamy-Chennakesavan, S. og Rao, T. V. og Gupte, M. D. A comparison of Australian and European evidence-based guidelines for intervention in acute, non-specific low back pain http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:199904 2010-03-19T00:00:00Z Penney, J Nicholas A comparison of Australian men with psychotic disorders remanded for criminal offences and a community group of psychotic men who have not offended http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:133540 Background: People remanded into custody by the courts have a substantially higher rate of severe mental disorder than other prisoners and the general population. Knowledge of their prevalence, needs and characteristics and an analysis of pathways to care may be necessary to provide mental health care effectively and efficiently. Previous prison studies focusing on psychotic offenders have suffered from the use of instruments not validated in a forensic setting and lack of a relevant comparison group. Method: The Diagnostic Interview for Psychosis (DP) is a composite semi-structured standardized interview schedule. It combines social and demographic descriptors with measures of functioning adapted from the World Health Organisation Disability Assessment Schedule (DAS). The remand centre surveyed had 466 cells and is the main remand and reception centre for males for the southern region of the state of Queensland, Australia. Of the 621 men screened, 65 answered yes to at least one question in the DP and were interviewed. Results: Six hundred and twenty-one remandees were screened and of these 61 were interviewed as screened positive for psychotic disorder. Thirty-five per cent had been homeless for an average of 32 weeks during the previous year. Most had had little contact with families or close friends. Eighty-one per cent were receiving no treatment at the time of offence. Seventy-eight per cent were unemployed and in receipt of a pension. Eighty per cent were dependent on alcohol, cannabis or amphetamines. Statistical issues of power are detailed in the text. Conclusions: The simplistic 'prison, hospital or community treatment' debate is misleading. Instead, the development of flexible preventative, management and accommodation services for people with severe mental disorder who have committed offences is a priority. 2008-03-28T00:00:00Z White, Paul og Chant, David og Whiteford, Harvey A comparison of competing methods for the detection of surgical-site infections in patients undergoing total arthroplasty of the knee, partial and total arthroplasty of hip and femoral or similar vascular bypass http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:69963 Recent research suggests that the retrospective review of the International Classification of Disease (ICD-9-CM) codes assigned to a patient episode will identify a similar number of healthcare-acquired surgical-site infections as compared with prospective surveillance by infection control practitioners (ICP). We tested this finding by replicating the methods for 380 surgical procedures. The sensitivity and specificity of the ICP undertaking prospective surveillance was 80% and 100%, and the sensitivity and specificity of the review of ICD-10-AM codes was 60% and 98.9%. Based on these results we do not support retrospective review of ICD-10-AM codes in preference prospective surveillance for SSI. (C) 2004 The Hospital Infection Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. 2007-08-15T00:00:00Z Curtis, M. og Graves, N. og Birrell, F. og Walker, S. og Henderson, B. og Shaw, M. A comparison of dialysis versus transplantation on the survival of elderly uraemic patients http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:149360 2008-06-06T00:00:00Z Herzig, K. A. og Johnson, D. W. og Purdie, D. M. og Hawley, C. og Rigby, R. og Nicol, D. L. A comparison of early family life events amongst monozygotic twin women with lifetime anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, or major depression http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:131474 OBJECTIVES: To investigate the differential profile of early family life events associated with lifetime anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN), and major depression (MD). METHOD: Only data from the monozygotic twins (n = 622) were examined from a community sample of female twins who had participated in three waves of data collection. Eating disorder and MD diagnoses were ascertained from the Eating Disorder Examination at Wave 3 and interview at Wave 2 respectively. Early family events were ascertained from self-report measures at Waves 1 and 3. Two case control designs were used, including a comparison of women: (1) who had lifetime AN, BN, MD, and controls, and (2) twin pairs discordant for either AN, BN, or MD (where the unaffected cotwin formed the control group). RESULTS: Across the two types of designs, compared to controls, both AN and BN were associated with more comments from the family about weight and shape when growing up. AN was uniquely associated with higher levels of paternal protection while BN was associated with higher levels of parental expectations. CONCLUSION: While some overlap among early life events was indicated, especially related to parental conflict and criticism, there was evidence to support some degree of nonoverlap among life events associated with AN, BN, and MD. 2008-03-03T00:00:00Z Wade, T. D. og Gillespie, N. og Martin, N. G. A comparison of epinephrine and norepinephrine in critically ill patients http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:174727 2009-04-08T00:00:00Z John A Myburgh og Alisa Higgins og Alina Jovanovska og Lipman, Jeffrey og Naresh Ramakrishnan og John Santamaria A comparison of estimates of glomerular filtration in critically ill patients with augmented renal clearance http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:252871 2011-09-22T00:00:00Z Baptista, J.P. og Udy, A.A. og Sousa, E. og Pimentel, J. og Wang, L. og Roberts, J.A. og Lipman, J. A comparison of executive function in very preterm and term infants at 8 months corrected age http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:203807 Background Executive function (EF) emerges in infancy and continues to develop throughout childhood. Executive dysfunction is believed to contribute to learning and attention problems in children at school age. Children born very preterm are more prone to these problems than their full-term peers. Aim To compare EF in very preterm and full-term infants at 8 months after expected date of delivery. Subjects 37 very preterm infants without identified disabilities, and 74 gender and age matched healthy full-term infants. The very preterm infants were all ≤ 32 weeks gestation and < 1250 g birthweight. Outcome measures EF tasks which measured working memory, inhibition of distraction, and planning at 8 months after expected date of delivery. Results The very preterm infants performed significantly more poorly than the full-term infants on all measures of executive function. No significant differences were found between very preterm and full-term infants on any of potentially confounding variables of, infant temperament, maternal education, family income and maternal psychological wellbeing. Very preterm infants had significantly lower scores on the Mental Development Index (MDI) and Psychomotor Development Index (PDI) on the Bayley Scales of Infant Development (BSID II), however when this was partialled out the differences in EF scores remained. Medical complications, lower birthweight and lower gestation age were all found to adversely affect the performance of very preterm infants on executive function tasks. Conclusion Very preterm infants performed more poorly than full-term infants on measures of EF. Further follow up studies are required to investigate whether EF measures in infancy can predict learning and attention outcome at school age. 2010-04-21T00:00:00Z Sun, Jing og Mohay, Heather og O'Callaghan, Michael A comparison of family functioning, temperament, and childhood conditions in monozygotic twin pairs discordant for lifetime bulimia nervosa http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:58543 Objective: The authors investigated differences between twins in nine pairs of female monozygotic twins in the Australian Twin Registry who were discordant for lifetime bulimia nervosa. Method: The twins affected and unaffected by lifetime bulimia nervosa were compared on self-report measures, including a measure of parental bonding, four measures of temperament, and six early-childhood medical conditions. Results: No twins had current bulimia nervosa, and there was no difference in weight or eating status between the affected and unaffected twins. The affected twins reported significantly lower self-esteem and less warmth but more overprotection by their mothers during childhood. Conclusions: Although limited by the small number of discordant twin pairs and the inability to detect causal relationships, these results suggest that environmental influences that promote low self-esteem may also increase the risk for bulimia nervosa. These temperamental differences may explain the discrepancies in parenting or perceived parenting. 2007-08-14T00:00:00Z Treloar, S. A. og Wade, T. D. og Martin, N. G. A comparison of % fat (or fat free mass) determined from air displacement plethysmography with body mass and total body potassium http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:148339 2008-06-06T00:00:00Z White, E. T. og Eles, P. og Cornish, B. H. og Fallah, S. og Wotton, M. og Cleghorn, G. J. og Trocki, O. A comparison of fluoroscopic airway screening with flexible bronchoscopy for diagnosing tracheomalacia http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:263747 2011-12-19T00:00:00Z Sanchez, M. O. og Greer, M. C. og Masters, I. B. og Chang, A. B. A comparison of four methods of measuring physical activity in children http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:61279 2007-08-14T00:00:00Z Bauer, L. og O'Connor, J. og Ball, E. og Steinbeck, K. og Davies, P.S.W. og Gaskin, K. A comparison of intubation performance by junior emergency department doctors using gum elastic bougie versus stylet reinforced endotracheal tube insertion techniques http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:245057 2011-08-07T00:00:00Z Grobler, C. og Brazil, V. og Greenslade, J. og Burke, J. A comparison of lipid variables as predictors of cardiovascular disease in the Asia Pacific Region http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:46791 PURPOSE: Many guidelines advocate measurement of total or low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), and triglycerides (TG) to determine treatment recommendations for preventing coronary heart disease (CHD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). This analysis is a comparison of lipid variables as predictors of cardiovascular disease. METHODS: Hazard ratios for coronary and cardiovascular deaths by fourths of total cholesterol (TC), LDL, HDL, TG, non-HDL, TC/HDL, and TG/HDL values, and for a one standard deviation change in these variables, were derived in an individual participant data meta-analysis of 32 cohort studies conducted in the Asia-Pacific region. The predictive value of each lipid variable was assessed using the likelihood ratio statistic. RESULTS: Adjusting for confounders and regression dilution, each lipid variable had a positive (negative for HDL) log-linear association with fatal CHD and CVD. Individuals in the highest fourth of each lipid variable had approximately twice the risk of CHD compared with those with lowest levels. TG and HDL were each better predictors of CHD and CVD risk compared with TC alone, with test statistics similar to TC/HDL and TG/HDL ratios. Calculated LDL was a relatively poor predictor. CONCLUSIONS: While LDL reduction remains the main target of intervention for lipid-lowering, these data support the potential use of TG or lipid ratios for CHD risk prediction. (c) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 2007-08-13T00:00:00Z Barzi, F. og Patel, A. og Woodward, M. og Lawes, C. M. M. og Ohkubo, T. og Gu, D. og Lam, T. H. og Ueshima, H. og Pan, W. og Suh, I. og Rodgers, A. og Bennett, D. og Parag, V. og Xie, J. X. og Norton, R. og et al. A Comparison of Methodologies from Two Longitudinal Community-Based Randomized Controlled Trials of Similar Interventions in Palliative Care: What Worked and What Did Not http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:77868 Background: Methodological challenges such as recruitment problems and participant burden make clinical trials in palliative care difficult. In 2001-2004, two community-based randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of case conferences in palliative care settings were independently conducted in Australia-the Queensland Case Conferences trial (QCC) and the Palliative Care Trial (PCT). Design: A structured comparative study of the QCC and PCT was conducted, organized by known practical and organizational barriers to clinical trials in palliative care. Results: Differences in funding dictated study designs and recruitment success; PCT had 6 times the budget of QCC. Sample size attainment. Only PCT achieved the sample size goal. QCC focused on reducing attrition through gatekeeping while PCT maximized participation through detailed recruitment strategies and planned for significant attrition. Testing sustainable interventions. QCC achieved a higher percentage of planned case conferences; the QCC strategy required minimal extra work for clinicians while PCT superimposed conferences on normal work schedules. Minimizing participant burden. Differing strategies of data collection were implemented to reduce participant burden. QCC had short survey instruments. PCT incorporated all data collection into normal clinical nursing encounters. Other. Both studies had acceptable withdrawal rates. Intention-to-treat analyses are planned. Both studies included substudies to validate new outcome measures. Conclusions: Health service interventions in palliative care can be studied using RCTs. Detailed comparative information of strategies, successes and challenges can inform the design of future trials. Key lessons include adequate funding, recruitment focus, sustainable interventions, and mechanisms to minimize participant burden. 2007-08-15T00:00:00Z Mitchell, Geoffrey K. og Abernethy, Amy P. A comparison of methods for assessing total arterial compliance http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:201627 2010-04-04T00:00:00Z Haluska, B. A. og Jeffriess, L. og Brown, J. og Carlier, S. og Marwick, T. H. A comparison of methods for assessing total arterial compliance http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:134100 2008-03-31T00:00:00Z Haluska, B. A. og Brown, J. og Carlier, S. og Marwick, T. H. A comparison of methylene blue and lymphazurin in breast cancer sentinel node mapping http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:236328 Background: When lymphazurin became unavailable to our institution, we elected to employ methylene blue to perform sentinel node mapping for patients with breast cancer. The purpose of this study was to compare methylene blue and lymphazurin for performing sentinel node mapping for breast cancer. Methods: We evaluated our sentinel node mapping experience from April 1, 2001 to March 31, 2002. Patients were divided into two groups based on the dye used for lymphatic mapping. The two groups were compared to evaluate the results of the sentinel node mapping procedure. Results: During the study period a total of 199 patients were evaluated with sentinel node mapping, 87 with lymphazurin and 112 with methylene blue. The two groups were similar in demonstrating the success of the sentinel node procedure, nodes identified per case, and technique used for node identification (colloid or dye, or both). Conclusions: In our initial experience, methylene blue appears to be equivalent to lymphazurin for sentinel node mapping in breast cancer. 2011-03-14T00:00:00Z Blessing, W. D. og Stolier, A. J. og Teng, S. C. og Bolton, J. S. og Fuhrman, G. M. A comparison of nephron number, glomerular volume and kidney weight in Senegalese Africans and African Americans http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:204963 2010-05-09T00:00:00Z McNamara, Bridgette J. og Diouf, Boucar og Douglas-Denton, Rebecca N. og Hughson, Michael D. og Hoy, Wendy E. og Bertram, John F. A Comparison Of Outcomes In Osteoarthritis Patients Undergoing Total Hip And Knee Replacement Surgery http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:10150 Objective The aims of this study were to assess changes in physical function and quality of life with the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) and the instrument of the Medical Outcomes Study SF-36 Health Survey (MOS SF-36), respectively, in patients undergoing hip and knee joint replacement surgery and to compare the responsiveness of these two outcome measures 1 year after surgery. Design One hundred and ninety-four patients with osteoarthritis (OA knee 108, OA hip 86) admitted to four hospitals in Sydney were followed over a period of 1 year at 3 monthly intervals. Results WOMAC measures improved significantly after 1 year for OA hip and OA knee: there was reduction in pain of 71% and 53%, reduction in stiffness of 55% and 43% and improvement in physical function of 68% and 43%, respectively. MOS SF-36 measures in those having hip surgery improved significantly for pain (222%), physical function (247%), physical role functioning (402%), general health (110%), vitality (143%), social functioning (169%) and mental health (114%). For those in the knee surgery group, significant improvement was seen for pain (175%), physical function (197%), physical role functioning (275%), vitality (125%) and social functioning (119%). The WOMAC was a more responsive measure than the MOS SF-36. Conclusion WOMAC and MOS SF-36 detect significant and clinically meaningful changes in outcome after hip and knee replacement. WOMAC requires a smaller sample size and is more responsive in the short term. For a follow-up longer than 6 months MOS SF-36 provides additional information. The improvement in outcomes following hip joint surgery were significantly greater than those following knee surgery. 2004-12-10T00:00:00Z Bachmeier, C. J. M. og March, L. M. og Cross, M. J. og Lapsley, H. M. og Tribe, K. L. og Courtenay, B. G og Brooks, P. M. A comparison of outcomes with angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors and diuretics for hypertension in the elderly http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:67786 2007-08-15T00:00:00Z Wing, Lindon M. H. og Reid, Christopher M. og Ryan, Philip og Beilin, Lawrence J. og Brown, Mark A. og Jennings, Garry L. R. og Johnston, Colin I. og McNeil, John J. og Macdonald, Graham J. og Marley, John E. og Morgan, Trefor O. og West, Malcolm J. og Second Australian National Blood Pressure Study Group og Delooze, F. A comparison of patellar vascularity between the medial parapatellar and subvastus approaches in total knee arthroplasty http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:276760 A complication of total knee arthroplasty is patellar avascular necrosis. Surgical approaches for total knee arthroplasty include the medial parapatellar approach (MPa) and, less commonly, the subvastus approach (SVa). The argument that SVa retains better patellar vascularity than the MPa was investigated on 20 participants, (SVa, n = 10; MPa, n = 10) 18 months postoperatively. Outcomes were a radionuclide bone imaging technique, a new bone vascularity scale, and an anterior knee pain numerical assessment scale. Results indicated no significant difference between groups on imaging (P = .935), the components of the bone vascularity scale, or anterior knee pain (P > .999). The SVa appears to offer no benefit over the MPa in terms of patellar vascularity or anterior knee pain. 2012-07-02T08:02:46Z Bourke, Michael G. og Sclavos, Eric K. og Jull, Gwendolen A. og Buttrum, Peter J. og Dalton, Philip A. og Russell, Trevor G. A comparison of pathomolecular markers of fibrosis and morphology in kidney from autopsies of African Americans and whites http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:124188 African Americans have an increased incidence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) due to hypertension and arteriosclerosis and increased death due to coronary artery disease, compared with whites. The pathogenesis of CKD involves the increased presence and activation of myofibroblasts and macrophages, promotion of tubulointerstitial fibrosis, and effects of tubulointerstitial cell mitosis and apoptosis. We hypothesized that increased risk of hypertensive vascular disease may be identified by renal pathomolecular markers that are associated with progressive CKD. Renal sections were available from 50 autopsies of 33 African Americans (55% males) and 17 whites (76% males) undergoing forensic autopsy for unexpected death. Sclerotic glomeruli, severity of cortical fibrosis, and renal arterioloselerosis, total glomerular number (N-glom), average glomerular volume (V-glom), birth weights, and blood pressure were known. Presence and locality of markers for myofibroblasts (alpha-SMA), macrophages (CD68), collagen, pro-fibrotic transforming growth factor-beta1 were scored in renal autopsies, and tubulointerstitial apoptosis was recorded. The results demonstrated a strong positive correlation between age, cortical fibrosis and alpha-SMA (p < 0.05), and between CD68 and hypertension and coronary artery disease (p < 0.05). The findings confirm the role of myofibroblasts and macrophages in pathogenesis of human CKD. However, the markers showed no significant relationships to V-glom, N-glom, birth weight, or race. 2008-02-08T00:00:00Z Pat, Betty og Hughson, Michael D. og Nicol, Jennifer L. og Hoy, Wendy E og Gobe, Glenda C. A comparison of peritoneal equilibration tests performed 1 and 4 weeks after PD commencement http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:69996 2007-08-15T00:00:00Z Johnson, David W. og Mudge, David W. og Blizzard, Sophie og Arndt, Mary og O'Shea, Amanda og Watt, Rhonda og Hamilton, Jan og Cottingham, Sharon og Isbel, Nicole M. og Hawley, Carmel M. A Comparison of Plasma Methylprednisolone Concentrations Following Intra-Articular Injection in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis and Osteoarthritis http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:8539 Plasma concentrations of methylprednislone following intra-articular injection were measured in rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis patients. While substantial plasma concentrations were seen in both groups of patients, there was so significant difference in the rate or extent of absorption from osteoarthritic or rheumatoid knees. This study suggests that it is the dissolution rate of the steroid formulation rather than the characteristics of the synovial membrane which determine rate and extent of systemic absorption of methylprednislone after intra-articular injection. 2006-03-27T00:00:00Z Bertouch, J. V. og Meffin, P. J. og Sallustio, B. S. og Brooks, P. M. A comparison of published criteria for assuming attainment of adult height in girls who have received growth hormone treatment http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:166864 2009-03-10T00:00:00Z Dodrill, P. M. og Atkin, L. M. og Davies, P. S. W. A comparison of pulse contour wave analysis and ultrasonic cardiac output monitoring in the critically ill http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:282437 2012-09-25T13:08:31Z Udy, A. A. og Altukroni, M. og Jarrett, P. og Roberts, J. A. og Lipman, J. A comparison of real-time and store-and-forward teledermatology: a cost-benefit study http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:142131 2008-06-10T00:00:00Z Loane, M. og Bloomer, S. E. og Corbett, R. og Eedy, D. J. og Hicks, N. og Lotery, H. E. og Mathews, C. og Paisley, J. og Steele, K. og Wootton, R. A comparison of rural speech-language pathologists' and residents' access to and attitudes towards the use of technology for speech-language pathology service delivery http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:233244 This paper reports results and implications of two related studies which investigated (a) access of residents and speech-language pathologists (SLPs) of rural Australia to information and communication technologies (ICT) and (b) their attitudes towards the use of ICT for delivery of speech-language pathology services. Both studies used mail out questionnaires, followed by interviews with a subset of those who completed the questionnaires. Data were obtained from 43 questionnaires from rural residents and 10 interviews with a subset of those residents, and from questionnaires returned by 49 SLPs and 4 interviews with a subset of those SLPs. Results show a mismatch between rural residents' and SLPs' access to and attitudes towards use of ICT for speech-language pathology service delivery. Rural residents had better access and more positive attitudes to the use of ICT for speech-language pathology service delivery than expected by SLPs. The results of this study have important implications for education and professional development of SLPs and for research into the use of ICT for telespeech-language pathology. © 2010 The Speech Pathology Association of Australia Limited. 2011-03-08T00:00:00Z Dunkley, Carolyn og Pattie, Lydelle og Wilson, Linda og McAllister, Lindy A Comparison of Self-Reported and Measured Height, Weight and BMI in Australian Adolescents http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:7884 Objective: To explore the relationship between self-reported weight and height to actual weight and height in older Australian adolescents. Method: Weights and heights of 572 adolescents aged 15-19 years who participated in the 1995 Australian National Health Survey (NHS) and National Nutrition Survey (NNS) were examined. Results: Self-reported heights were significantly higher than measured heights in participants. There were no differences in the accuracy of self-reported heights among the adolescents by gender. Self-reported weights were significantly lower than measured weights among both boys and girls (p<0.01). There were no differences in the accuracy of self-reported weights among the boys and girls. Differences between actual weight and self-reported weight were significantly greater for overweight or obese adolescents compared with normal/underweight adolescents (p<0.01). The use of self-reported weight and height resulted in the correct classification of overweight or obesity in 69% boys and 70% of girls. Conclusions: There was no significant gender difference in reporting weight and height in older adolescents. Bias in reporting weight and height was much higher in overweight or obese adolescents than normal underweight/adolescents implications: The percentage of misclassification of overweight or obesity from self-reported data in this study was 31% for boys and 30% for girls, respectively. Therefore, the self-reported weight and height of older adolescents needs to be more cautiously utilised. Efforts to improve the accuracy of self-reporting in older adolescents are needed if this measure is to be reliable. 2006-10-24T00:00:00Z Wang, Zaimin og Patterson, Carla M. og Hills, Andrew P. A comparison of self-reported and record-linked blood donation history in an Australian cohort http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:260488 2011-11-03T00:00:00Z Bertalli, Nadine A. og Allen, Katrina J. og McLaren, Christine E. og Turkovic, Lidija og Osborne, Nicholas J. og Constantine, Clare C. og Delatycki, Martin B. og English, Dallas R. og Giles, Graham G. og Hopper, John L. og Anderson, Gregory J. og Olynyk, John K. og Powell, Lawrie W. og Gurrin, Lyle C. og for the HealthIron Study Investigators A comparison of severely injured trauma patients admitted to level 1 trauma centres in Queensland and Germany http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:260189 2011-11-01T00:00:00Z Nijboer, Johanna M. M. og Wullschleger, Martin E. og Nielsen, Susan E. og McNamee, Anitina M. og Lefering, Rolf og Ten Duis, Hendrik-Jan og Schuetz, Michael A. A comparison of standard gamble, time trade-off and adjusted time trade-off scores http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:139854 2008-06-10T00:00:00Z Martin, A. og Glasziou, P. P. og Simes, R. J. og Lumley, T. A comparison of techniques for the isolation of mature mouse islets http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:218649 2010-10-18T00:00:00Z Green, M. K. og Smithers, B. M. og Moran, J. E. A comparison of the accuracy of statistical models of prostate motion trained using data from biomechanical simulations http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:251154 2011-09-11T00:00:00Z Hu, Yipeng og van den Boom, Rieneke og Carter, Timothy og Taylor, Zeike og Hawkes, David og Ahmed, Hashim Uddin og Emberton, Mark og Allen, Clare og Barratt, Dean A comparison of the effects of dialysis and renal transplantation on the survival of older uremic patients http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:142280 Background. Patients over age 60 constitute half of all new patients accepted into the renal replacement therapy programs in Australia. However, the optimal treatment of their end-stage renal disease remains controversial. The aim of the present study was to compare survival for dialysis and renal transplantation in older patients who were rigorously screened and considered eligible for transplantation. Methods. The study cohort consisted of 174 consecutive patients over 60 who were accepted on to the Queensland cadaveric renal transplant waiting list between January 1, 1993 and December 31, 1997, Follow-up was terminated on October 1, 1998, Data were analyzed on an intention-to-transplant basis using a Cox regression model with time-varying explanatory variables. An alternative survival analysis was also performed, in which patients no longer considered suitable for transplantation were censored at the time of their removal from the waiting list. Results. There were 67 patients receiving a renal transplant, whereas the other 107 continued to undergo dialysis, These two groups were well matched at baseline with respect to age, gender, body mass index, renal disease etiology, comorbid illnesses, and dialysis duration and modality. The overall mortality rate was 0.096 per patient-year (0.131 for dialysis and 0.029 for transplant, P<0.001), Respective 1-, 3- and B-year survivals were 92%, 62%, and 27% for the dialysis group and 98%, 95%, and 90% (P<0.01) for the transplant group. Patients in the transplant group had an adjusted hazard ratio 0.16 times that of the dialysis group (95% confidence interval 0.06 - 0.42), If patients were censored at the time of their withdrawal from the transplant waiting list, the adjusted hazard ratio was 0.24 (95% confidence interval 0.09 - 0.69), Conclusions. Renal transplantation seems to confer a substantial survival advantage over dialysis in patients with end-stage renal failure who are rigorously screened and considered suitable for renal transplantation. 2008-06-10T00:00:00Z Johnson, D. W. og Herzig, K. og Purdie, D. og Brown, A. M. og Rigby, R. J. og Nicol, D. L. og Hawley, C. M. A comparison of the efficacy and safety of olanzapine versus haloperidol during transition from intramuscular to oral therapy http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:67657 Background: Acutely agitated patients with schizophrenia who receive intramuscular (IM) medications typically are switched to oral (PO) antipsychotic maintenance therapy Objective: The goal of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of olanzapine versus those of haloperidol during transition from IM to PO therapy We used additional data from a previously reported trial to test the hypothesis that the reduction in agitation achieved by IM olanzapine 10 mg or IM haloperidol 7.5 mg would be maintained following transition to 4 days of PO olanzapine or PO haloperidol (5-20 mg/d for both). We also hypothesized that olanzapine would maintain its more favorable extrapyramidal symptom (EPS) safety profile. Methods: This was a multinational (hospitals in 13 countries), double-blind, randomized, controlled trial. Acutely agitated inpatients with schizophrenia were treated with 1 to 3 IM injections of olanzapine 10 mg or haloperidol 7.5 mg over 24 hours and were entered into a 4-day PO treatment period with the same medication (5-20 mg/d for both). The primary efficacy measurement was reduction in agitation, as measured by the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale-Excited Component (PANSS-EC) score. Adverse events and scores on EPS rating scales were assessed. Results: A total of 311 patients (204 men, 107 women; mean [SD] age, 38.2 [11.6] years) were enrolled (131, 126, and 54 patients in the olanzapine, haloperidol, and placebo groups, respectively). In all, 93.1% (122/131) of olanzapine-treated patients and 92.1% (116/126) of haloperidol-treated patients completed the IM period and entered the PO period; 85.5% (112/131) of olanzapine-treated patients and 84.1% (106/126) of haloperidol-treated patients completed the PO period. IM olanzapine and IM haloperidol effectively reduced agitation over 24 hours (mean [SD] PANSS-EC change, -7.1 [4.8] vs -6.7 [4.3], respectively). Reductions in agitation were sustained throughout the PO period with both study drugs (mean [SD] change from PO period baseline, -0.6 [4.8] vs -1.3 [4.4], respectively). During PO treatment, haloperidol-treated patients spontaneously reported significantly more acute dystonia than olanzapine-treated patients (4.3% [5/116] vs 0% [0/122], respectively; P = 0.026) and akathisia (5.2% [6/116] vs 0% [0/122], respectively; P = 0.013). Significantly more haloperidol-treated patients than olanzapine-treated patients met categorical criteria for treatment-emergent akathisia (18.5% [17/92] vs 6.5% [7/107], respectively; P = 0.015). Conclusions: In the acutely agitated patients with schizophrenia in this study, both IM olanzapine 10 mg and IM haloperidol 7.5 mg effectively reduced agitation over 24 hours. This alleviation of agitation was sustained following transition from IM therapy to 4 days of PO treatment (5-20 mg/d for both). During the 4 days of PO treatment, olanzapine-treated patients did not spontaneously report any incidences of acute dystonia, and olanzapine had a superior EPS safety profile to that of haloperidol. The combination of IM and PO olanzapine may help improve the treatment of acutely agitated patients with schizophrenia. Copyright (C) 2003 Excerpta Medica, Inc. 2007-08-15T00:00:00Z Wright, P. og Meehan, K. og Birkett, M. og Lindborg, S. R. og Taylor, C. C. og Morris, P. og Breier, A. A comparison of the expressive communication skills of triplet, twin and singleton children http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:57929 Few studies have focused on the language acquisition of higher multiple birth sets. In this study, the communication skills of 51 triplet children are described. The measures used were: mean length of utterance; type-token ratio; conversational nets; phoneme repertoire; and number of different types of phonological processes used. The data gained were used to compare the communication skills of triplets with those of twins, singletons and normative data available in the literature. Siblings within triplet sets were also compared using language samples obtained from adult-child interactions and when the three children were playing together. The results indicated that the triplets' early communication skills were different from those of both singletons and twins. The triplets' difficulties included delayed syntactic development, limited use of different language functions and delayed phonological development. In contrast, twins' communication profile is characterised by disordered phonological development. 2007-08-13T00:00:00Z McMahon, S og Dodd, B A comparison of the fibrogenic effects of cisplatin, radiation, oxidative stress and TGF-B in an invitro model of renal fibrosis http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:98560 2007-08-24T00:00:00Z Yang, T. og Pat, B. K. og Johnson, D. og Wei, M. og Gobe, G. C. A comparison of the hepatic extraction of transferrin-bound and non-transferrin bound iron in an animal model of haemolytic anemia http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:206907 2010-07-06T00:00:00Z Bridle, K. R. og Fletcher, L. M. og Murphy, T. og Walters, M. og Hung, D. og Chang, P. og Siebert, G. og Roberts, M. og Crawford, D. H. G. A comparison of the hepatic extraction of transferrin-bound and non-transferrin bound iron in an animal model of hemolytic anemia http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:39680 2007-08-13T00:00:00Z Fletcher,Linda og Bridle, Kim og Murphy, Therese og Walters, Margaret og Hung, Daniel og Chang, Ping og Siebert, Gerhard og Roberts, Michael og Crawford, Darrell A comparison of the lateral and posterior retroperitoneoscopic approach for complete and partial nephroureterectomy in children http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:60892 Objective To report the comparative results of a selective posterior or lateral retroperitoneoscopic approach (RPA) for nephroureterectomy in children. Patients and methods Following an established experience with RPA, 36 complete and 19 partial nephrouretectomies were prospectively randomized to a posterior and lateral retroperitoneoscopic approach. The patients were aged 4 months to 14 years, with a body weight at operation of 5.7-82 kg. For posterior RPA the child is positioned prone, with three access ports. The operating space was created with balloon dissection and maintained with CO2 insufflation. The child was then rotated 30 degrees with the kidney in the dependent position, and the operator and assistant standing on the affected side. In the lateral approach the child is in the lateral decubitus position with the operator and assistant facing the dorsal aspect of the patient. Results There was no significant difference in operative duration between the lateral and posterior approaches for nephrectomy (65 and 47 min) or partial nephrectomy (85 and 75 min). Two lateral nephrectomies required open conversion (one upper pole and one lower pole). Conclusion The posterior approach gives easy and quick access to the renal pedicle. It is preferable for complete nephrectomy alone and partial or polar excision. In children under 5 years old a near complete ureterectomy can be achieved. The lateral approach creates more inferomedial space, gives better access to ectopic kidneys and allows complete ureterectomy in all cases, Access to the pedicle in the normal position requires more frequent positioning of the kidney. Care must be taken as peritoneal tears are more common. 2007-08-14T00:00:00Z Borzi, P. A. A comparison of the sensitivity and fecal egg counts of the McMaster egg counting and Kato-Katz thick smear methods for soil-transmitted helminths http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:253965 2011-10-03T00:00:00Z Levecke, Bruno og Behnke, Jerzy M. og Ajjampur, Sitara S. R. og Albonico, Marco og Ame, Shaali M. og Charlier, Johannes og Geiger, Stefan M. og Hoa, Nguyen T. V. og Ngassam, Romuald I. Kamwa og Kotze, Andrew C. og McCarthy, James S. og Montresor, Antonio og Periago, Maria V. og Roy, Sheela og Tchuente, Louis-Albert Tchuem og Thach, D.T.C. og Vercruysse, Jozef A comparison of the transcutaneous kinetics of six commercial formulations of hydrocortisone http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:243270 The aim of this study was to compare the penetration of hydrocortisone through canine skin in vitro, when applied from six, commercially available, veterinary or human medical creams containing 0.5% hydrocortisone (HC) or hydrocortisone acetate (HCA). Full thickness skin was mounted in Franz-type diffusion cells and randomly divided for use between treatment groups of different HC or HCA formulations. The amount of HC penetrating the skin in the 30 hours following application of a cream was quantified using HPLC analyses. The rate of transdermal penetration of HC from one cream was 1.7, 1.9, 13.1 and 20.6 times greater than from four others, respectively. This study has shown that the rate of penetration through dog skin can vary greatly from different formulations of the same concentration of drug. 2011-07-05T00:00:00Z Ahlstrom, L.A. og Cross, S.E. og Mills, P.C.