http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/ The University of Queensland en Fez http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:65304 Abnormal left ventricular (IV) filling may occur with increasing age despite apparently normal IV size and function, and is usually attributed to IV hypertrophy and coronary artery disease. The purpose of this study was to determine whether myocardial abnormalities could be identified in 67 such patients (36 men, mean age 57 +/- 9 years) whose IV hypertrophy and coronary artery disease were excluded by dobutamine echocardiography. All patients underwent gray scale and color tissue Doppler imaging from 3 apical views, which were stored and analyzed off line. Disturbances in structure and function were assessed by averaging the cyclic variation of integrated backscatter, strain rate, and peak systolic strain from each myocardial segment. Calibrated integrated backscatter (corrected for pericardial backscatter intensity) was measured in the septum and posterior wall from the parasternal long-axis view. Abnormal IV filling was present in 36 subjects (54%). Subjects with and without abnormal IV filling had similar IV mass, but differed in age (p <0.01), cyclic variation (p = 0.001), strain rate (p <0.01), and peak systolic strain (p <0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that age (p = 0.016) and cyclic variation (p = 0.042) were the most important determinants of abnormal IV filling in these apparently normal subjects. (C) 2003 by Excerpta Medica, Inc. 2007-08-15T00:00:00Z Yuda, S og Short, L og Leano, R og Marwick, TH http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:196281 2010-02-22T00:00:00Z Stanton, T. og Bjork Ingul, C. og Hare, J. L. og Leano, R. og Marwick, T. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:197024 2010-02-26T00:00:00Z Haluska, Brian og Hare, James og Ingul, Charlotte Bjork og Marwick, Thomas H. og Stanton, Tony http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:35574 2007-08-13T00:00:00Z Cervantes, R og Horwitz, B og Barrett, N og Karayanidis, F og Kavanagh, D og Large, M og Michie, P og Smith, G og Woodham, B og OSullivan, BT http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:275083 2012-05-31T00:00:00Z Thomson, H. og Lele, S. og Atherton, J. og Ganes, J. og Britten, A. og McKenna, W. og Frenneaux, M. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:148030 2008-06-06T00:00:00Z Cain, P. A. og Spicer, D. og Haluska, B. A. og Marwick, T. H. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:97363 2007-08-24T00:00:00Z Cain, P. A. og Baglin, T. og Short, L. og Marwick, T. H. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:269019 2012-03-06T08:53:40Z Loo, Christine K.C. og Pereira, Tamara N. og Ramm, Grant A. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:59379 Some beta (1)- and beta (2)-adrenoceptor-blocking agents, such as (-)-CGP 12177, cause cardiostimulant effects at concentrations considerably higher than those that antagonise the effects of catecholamines. The cardiostimulant effects of these non-conventional partial agonists are relatively resistant to blockade by (-)-propranolol and have been proposed to be mediated through putative beta (4)-adrenoceptors or through atypical states of either beta (1)- or beta (2)-adrenoceptors. We investigated the effects of (-)-CGP 12177 on sinoatrial rate and left atrial contractile force as well as the ventricular binding of (-)-[H-3]CGP 12177 in tissues from wild-type, beta (2)-adrenoceptor knockout and beta (1)/beta (2)-adrenoceptor double knockout mice. The cardiostimulant effects of (-)-CGP 12177 were present in wildtype and beta (2)-adrenoceptor knockout mice but were absent in beta (1)/beta (2)-adrenoceptor double knockout mice. Thus, the presence of beta (1)-adrenoceptors is obligatory for the cardiostimulant effects of (-)-CGP 12177. It appears therefore that an atypical state of the beta (1)-adrenoceptor contributes to the mediation of the cardiostimulant effects induced by non-conventional partial agonists. Ventricular beta (1)- and beta (2)-adrenoceptors, labelled in wild-type with a K(D)similar to0.5 nmol/l (similar to 16 fmol/mg protein), were absent in beta (1)/beta (2)-adrenoceptor double knockout mice. However, a high density binding site (similar to 154-391 fmol/mg protein) that did not saturate completely (K(D)similar to 80-200 nM) was labelled by (-)-[H-3]CGP 12177 in the three groups of mice, being distinct from beta (1)- and beta (2)-adrenoceptors, as well as from the site mediating the agonist effects of(-)-CGP 12177. 2007-08-14T00:00:00Z Kaumann, AJ og Engelhardt, S og Hein, L og Molenaar, P og Lohse, M http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:267993 2012-02-20T00:00:00Z Hopkins, P.M. og Kermeen, F. og Dunning, J. og McNeil, K. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:99443 2007-08-24T00:00:00Z Wright, A.W.E. og Dickinson, R. G. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:70835 Valproic acid (VPA) is a major therapeutic agent in the treatment of epilepsy and other neurological disorders. It is metabolized in humans and rats primarily along two pathways: direct glucuronidation to yield the acyl glucuronide (VPA-G) and beta-oxidation. We have shown much earlier in the Sprague-Dawley rat that i.v. administration of sodium valproate (NaVPA) caused a marked choleresis ( mean of 3.3 times basal bile flow after doses of 150 mg/kg), ascribed to the passive osmotic flow of bile water following excretion of VPA-G across the canalicular membrane. Active biliary pumping of anionic drug conjugates across the canalicular membrane is now believed to be attributable to transporter proteins, in particular Mrp2, which is deficient in the TR- ( a mutant Wistar) rat. In the present study, normal Wistar and Mrp2-deficient TR- rats were dosed i.v. with NaVPA at 150 mg/kg. In the Wistar rats, there was a peak choleretic effect of about 3.2 times basal bile flow, occurring at about 30 to 45 min postdose ( as seen previously with Sprague-Dawley rats). In TR- rats given the same i.v. dose, there was no evidence of postdose choleresis. The choleresis was correlated with the excretion of VPA-G into bile. In Wistar rats, 62.8 +/- 7.7% of the NaVPA dose was excreted in bile as VPA-G, whereas in TR- rats, only 2.0 +/- 0.6% of the same dose was excreted as VPA-G in bile ( with partial compensatory excretion of VPA-G in urine). This study underlines the functional ( bile flow) consequences of biliary transport of xenobiotic conjugated metabolites. 2007-08-15T00:00:00Z Wright, A. W. E. og Dickinson, R. G. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:99441 2007-08-24T00:00:00Z Wright, A. W. E. og Dickinson, R. G. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:59082 2007-08-14T00:00:00Z Hunter, E. M. M. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:139965 2008-06-10T00:00:00Z Hunter, E. M. M. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:138766 2008-05-20T00:00:00Z Hunter, E. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:129110 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples comprise about 2.4% of the Australian population. There is little information about stroke among these groups of people. Most information comes from national mortality and hospital morbidity data, and population-based surveys of risk factors. Hospitalisations for stroke among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples are 1-2-fold that of non-indigenous males and 1.9-fold that of non-indigenous females. Similarly, deaths from stroke are greater among Indigenous Australians, being approximately double that of non-Indigenous Australians. The disparity in stroke deaths is greatest among younger individuals. Differences in hospitalisations and mortality from stroke can be attributed to both a greater prevalence of modifiable risk factors for stroke among the Indigenous population and poorer access to acute care services. Access to appropriate primary health care is also problematic for many Indigenous Australians, mainly because of their distance from health services and lack of available transport. Stroke and its risk factors are common among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples. Adopting national and state strategy actions, such as providing a comprehensive primary health care program and increased training and support for health care providers, is urgently needed to reduce the incidence of stroke in these groups. However, continued efforts across the health care sector are required to ensure stroke reduction in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples. 2008-02-18T00:00:00Z Thrift, Amanda G. og Hayman, Noel http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:69266 2007-08-14T00:00:00Z Hunter, E. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:139990 This paper describes an investigation of conceptions of learning held by 22 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander students from three universities in Queensland, Australia. Other areas investigated were students' experiences of informal learning, their reasons for studying and the strategies they used to learn. Research into conceptions of learning is gaining impetus and current beliefs include the premise that approaches to learning adopted by university students, and hence learning outcomes, are closely related to their conceptions of learning. There is substantial research focused on Aboriginal learning styles in early childhood and primary school which indicates that Aboriginal children prefer to learn in a practical way as well as through observation and imitation and trial and error. Very little research has focused specifically on Aboriginal university students' conceptions of learning. Results of this study found that these students view and approach formal university learning in much the same way as other university students and most hold quantitative conceptions of learning. The most interesting result was the difference between students' conceptions of formal learning and their experiences of informal learning. Many students' experiences of informal learning were grounded in practical activities or exhibited a cultural focus, however, most formal learning is not dependent upon practical or cultural knowledge. It is proposed that formal learning for Indigenous students recognise and include an Indigenous perspective such as integrating, where appropriate, practical strategies for learning. We also suggest that Indigenous students be helped to develop conceptions that will enable them to learn formal, theoretical material successfully. 2008-06-10T00:00:00Z Boulton-Lewis, Gillian M. og Marton, Ference og Lewis, David C. og Wilss, Lynn A. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:59149 2007-08-14T00:00:00Z Dugdale, A. E. og Watlemaro, I. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:191709 Objective: To assess the effect of employing Aboriginal health workers (AHWs) on delivery of diabetes care in remote community health centres, and to identify barriers related to AHWs’ involvement in diabetes and other chronic illness care. Design, setting and participants: Three-year follow-up study of 137 Aboriginal people with type 2 diabetes in seven remote community health centres in the Northern Territory. Main outcome measures: Delivery of guideline-scheduled diabetes services; intermediate outcomes (glycated haemoglobin [HbA1c] and blood pressure levels); number and sex of AHWs at health centres over time; barriers to AHWs’ involvement in chronic illness care. Results: There was a positive relationship between the number of AHWs per 1000 residents and delivery of guideline-scheduled diabetes services (but not intermediate health outcomes). Presence of male AHWs was associated with higher adherence to the guidelines. Barriers to AHWs’ involvement in chronic illness care included inadequate training, lack of clear role divisions, lack of stable relationships with non-Aboriginal staff, and high demands for acute care. Conclusions: Employing AHWs is independently associated with improved diabetes care in remote communities. AHWs have potentially important roles to play in chronic illness care, and service managers need to clearly define and support these roles. 2010-01-08T00:00:00Z Si, Damin og Bailie, Ross S. og Togni, Samantha J. og d'Abbs, Peter H. N. og Robinson, Gary W. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:285619 2012-11-15T00:00:00Z Hayes, Lorian G. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:224226 2010-12-12T00:00:00Z Weedon, David og Brooks, David og Malo, Jonathan og Williamson, Richard http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:240818 2011-05-13T00:00:00Z Cantu, Rebecca M. og Steele, Russell W. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:242329 2011-06-16T00:00:00Z Shetty, Avinash K. og Steele, Russell W. og Dehne, Robert http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:239564 2011-03-31T00:00:00Z Verderio, Paolo og Pizzamiglio, Sara og Southey, Melissa C. og Spurdle, Amanda B. og Hopper, John L. og Chen, Xiaoqing og Beesley, Jonathan og Australian Ovarian Cancer Study Group og kConFab og Schmutzler, Rita K. og Engel, Christoph og Burwinkel, Barbara og Bugert, Peter og Ficarazzi, Filomena og Manoukian, Siranoush og Barile, Monica og Wappenschmidt, Barbara og Chenevix-Trench, Georgia og Radice, Paolo og Peterlongo, Paolo http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:59091 2007-08-14T00:00:00Z Hunter, E. M. M. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:38753 2007-08-13T00:00:00Z Kavanagh, D og Young, R og Saunders, JB og Dawe, S http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:73368 Substance misuse is common in early psychosis, and impacts negatively on outcomes. Little is known about effective interventions for this population. We report a pilot study of brief intervention for substance misuse in early psychosis ( Start Over and Survive: SOS), comparing it with Standard Care(SC). Twenty-five in-patients aged 18 - 35 years with early psychosis and current misuse of non-opioid drugs were allocated randomly to conditions. Substance use and related problems were assessed at baseline, 6 weeks and 3, 6 and 12 months. Final assessments were blind to condition. All 13 SOS participants who proceeded to motivational interviewing reported less substance use at 6 months, compared with 58% (7/12) in SC alone. Effects were well maintained to 12 months. However, more SOS participants lived with a relative or partner, and this also was associated with better outcomes. Engagement remained challenging: 39% (16/41) declined participation and 38% (5/13) in SOS only received rapport building. Further research will increase sample size, and address both engagement and potential confounds. 2007-08-15T00:00:00Z Kavanagh, D. J. og Young, R. M. og White, A. og Saunders, J. B. og Wallis, J. og Shockley, N. og Jenner, L. og Clair, A. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:221141 Relative to research on effects of environmental exposures on exacerbation of existing asthma, little research on incident asthma and environmental exposures has been conducted. However, this research is needed to better devise strategies for the prevention of asthma. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences held a conference in October 2004 to collaboratively discuss a future research agenda in this area. The first three articles in this mini-monograph summarize the discussion on potential putative environmental exposure; they include an overview of asthma and conclusions of the workshop participants with respect to public health actions that could currently be applied to the problem and research needs to better understand and control the induction and incidence of asthma, the potential role of indoor/outdoor air pollutants in the induction of asthma), and biologics in the induction of asthma. Susceptibility is a key concept in the U.S. EPA “Asthma Research Strategy” document and is associated with the U.S. EPA framework of protecting vulnerable populations from potentially harmful environmental exposures. Genetics, age, and lifestyle (obesity, diet) are major susceptibility factors in the induction of asthma and can interact with environmental exposures either synergistically or antagonistically. Therefore, in this fourth and last article we consider a number of “susceptibility factors” that potentially influence the asthmatic response to environmental exposures and propose a framework for developing research hypotheses regarding the effects of environmental exposures on asthma incidence and induction. 2010-11-17T00:00:00Z Yeatts, Karin og Sly, Peter og Shore, Stephanie og Weiss, Scott og Martinez, Fernando og Geller, Andrew og Bromberg, Philip og Enright, Paul og Koren, Hillel og Weissman, David og Selgrade, MaryJane http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:167066 2009-03-11T00:00:00Z Hoy, W. E. og McDonald, S. og Cass, A. og Singh, G. og Baker, P. og You, J. og White, A. og Bertram, J. F. og Hughson, M. D. og Douglas-Denton, R. og Farris, A. og Wang, Z. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:81322 There is currently no validated scoring system for quantification of airway secretions in children. A user friendly, valid scoring system of airway secretions during flexible bronchoscopy (FB) would be useful for comparative purposes in clinical medicine and research. The objective of this study was to validate our bronchoscopic secretion (BS) scoring system by examining the relationship between the amount of secretions seen at bronchoscopy with airway cellularity and microbiology. In 106 children undergoing FIB, the relationship of BS grades with bronchocalveolar lavage (BAL) cellularity and infective state (bacterial and viral infections) were examined using receptor operator curves (ROC). BAL was obtained according to European Respiratory Society guidelines; first lavage for microbiology and second lavage for cellularity Area under the ROC was significant for total cell count (TCC) and neutrophil % but not for lymphocyte %. BS grade significantly related to infection positive state (chi(2)(trend) = 5.85, P = 0,016). The area under the ROC for infection positive state versus BS grade was 0.645, 95% Cl 0.527-0.763. The BS scoring system is a valid method for quantifying airway secretions in children undergoing bronchoscopy The system related well to airway cellularity and neutrophilia, as well as to an airway infective state. However, the system is only complementary to cell counts and cultures and cannot replace these laboratory quantification techniques. 2007-08-15T09:40:21Z Chang, A. B. og Faoagali, J. og Cox, N. C. og Marchant, J. M. og Dean, B. og Petsky, H. L. og Masters, I. B. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:219076 2010-10-26T00:00:00Z McCombe, P. A. og Pollard, J. D. og McLeod, J. G. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:147854 2008-06-06T00:00:00Z Nielsen, C. og Ross, F. B. og Smith, M. T. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:220940 2010-11-17T00:00:00Z Larcombe, Alexander N. og Zosky, Graeme R. og Bozanich, Elizabeth M. og Turner, Debra J. og Hantos, Zoltan og Sly, Peter D. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:236162 2011-03-14T00:00:00Z Fassas, A. B. T. og Sawyer, J. og McCoy, J. og Anaissie, E. J. og Lee, C. K. og Talamo, G. og Wendling, C. og Zangari, M. og Van Rhee, F. og Thertulien, R. og Tricot, G. J. og Barlogie, B. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:233394 2011-03-09T08:36:31Z Clouston, A. og Vanags, D. M. og Gu, W. Y. og Powell, E. E. og Jonsson, J. R. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:278354 2012-07-31T02:36:57Z Thomas, Joseph T. og Petersen, Scott og Cincotta, Robert og Lee-Tannock, Alison og Gardener, Glenn http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:35896 Aims Topical sunscreens are routinely applied to the skin by a large percentage of the population. This study assessed the extent of absorption of a number of common chemical sunscreen agents into and through human skin following application of commercially available products. Methods Sunscreen products were applied to excised human epidermis in Franz diffusion cells with the amount penetrating into and across the epidermis assessed by h.p.l.c. for 8 h following application. Results All sunscreen agents investigated penetrated into the skin (0.25 g m(-2) or 14% of applied dose), but only benzophenone-3 passed through the skin in significant amounts (0.08 g m(-2) or 10% of the applied dose). With one exception, suncreen agents in corresponding products marketed for adults and children had similar skin penetration profiles. Conclusions Whilst limited absorption across the skin was observed for the majority of the sunscreens tested, benzophenone-3 demonstrated sufficiently high penetration to warrant further investigation of its continued application. 2007-08-13T00:00:00Z Jiang, R og Roberts, MS og Collins, DM og Benson, HAE http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:241291 2011-05-24T00:00:00Z Nicholson, G.C. og Moseley, J.M. og Sexton, P.M. og Mendelsohn, F.A.O. og Martin, T.J. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:216170 2010-09-10T00:00:00Z Pearn, John H. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:201885 Abstract: The aim of this pilot study was to investigate factors which may be predictive of final examination results obtained by first-year medical students in a graduate-entry, problem-based learning (PBL) course. Using pre-tested and novel instruments, key measures were taken in the seven months preceding final year examinations, including: self-efficacy for self-regulation of learning in PBL; self-efficacy for academic achievement; approaches to learning - deep, strategic, and surface; reflection on learning; and tutor assessment scores of students' critical thinking abilities. In addition, final written and clinical examination results were obtained. Data analysis revealed statistically significant correlations between final examination results and clinical exam scores, self-efficacy, deep learning, and tutor assessment of students' critical thinking abilities. Statistically significant negative correlation was demonstrated between final examination results and surface learning. Forward regression showed that three of these factors predicted 46% of the variance in student examination results. These were clinical exam scores, tutor-assessment of critical thinking, and self-efficacy for self-regulation. Clearly, academic performance results from a complex and inter-related set of knowledge, skills, attitudes and perceptions. This pilot study provides evidence of the importance of using diverse methods to try to identify those students less likely to achieve success so that they may be offered learning support and guidance in the months leading up to their final examination. Furthermore, it suggests that tutors' role in identifying students at risk of poorer academic performance needs to be more thoroughly researched. 2010-04-07T00:00:00Z Papinczak, Tracey og Young, L http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:8181 The author suggests a combination of educational outreach, clinical audits, mailed feedback of prescribing data, interactive peer group meetings, problem-based learning, and dissemination of prescribing guidelines to improve evidence-based general practitioner prescribing. 2006-07-31T00:00:00Z Ting, Joseph Yuk Sang http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:70099 The International Campaign to Revitalise Academic Medicine recognises that an evidence based approach is important in discussing the problems of academic medicine. A preliminary exploration of the evidence on academic medicine has led to a research agenda for examining and proposing realistic solutions. Copyright © 2004, BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. 2007-08-15T00:00:00Z Ahmed, T. og Awasthi, S. og Clarfield, A. M. og Dandona, L. og Howe, A. og Ioannidis, J. P. A. og Wilkinson, D. og International Working Party to Promote and Revitalise Academic Medicine http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:139554 2008-06-10T00:00:00Z Eadie, M. J. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:251240 The Ochsner Health System is an integrated, independent academic health system consisting of 7 hospitals, 31 clinics, 700 employed physicians, a home health service, and the state’s largest fitness company. We are an independent academic medical center with no single university affiliation. Our educational programs include undergraduate, graduate, and continuing medical education, in addition to allied health and nursing education. As previously detailed in this journal,1 the university academic health system in the New Orleans region suffered near cataclysmic damage from Hurricanes Katrina and Rita. It is on the long road back to recovery. The purpose of this discussion is to describe Ochsner’s current academic status, demonstrating that we have continued to grow and thrive since the hurricanes. 2011-09-11T00:00:00Z Pinsky, William W. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:102063 2007-08-23T00:00:00Z Waters, B. A. og Hughes, J. D. og Forbes, K. L. og Wilkinson, D. og Askew, D. A. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:239504 2011-03-30T00:00:00Z Feeney, Gerald F. X. og Connor, Jason P. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:261991 2011-11-23T00:00:00Z Burns, Karen E. A. og Chant, Clarence og Smith, Orla og Cuthbertson, Brian og Fowler, Robert og Cook, Deborah J. og Kruger, Peter og Webb, Steve og Alhashemi, Jamal og Dominguez-Cherit, Guillermo og Zala, Carlos og Rubenfeld, Gordon D. og Marshall, John C. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:139477 2008-06-10T00:00:00Z Soucy, E. og Bellamy, N. og Adachi, J. og Pope, J. og Flynn, J. og Sutton, E. og Campbell, J.