http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/ The University of Queensland en Fez http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:300097 2013-05-14T12:03:25Z Randall, Geoffrey http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:275755 2012-06-14T00:00:00Z Debra Donoghue http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:216120 2010-09-08T00:00:00Z Bland, Robert. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:219876 2010-11-06T00:00:00Z Rahman, Mohd Razali A. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:219657 2010-11-02T00:00:00Z Mok, Hay Hoi. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:240013 The present study is a randomised controlled trial evaluating the efficacy of a low level, seminar version of the Workplace Triple P program. Workplace Triple P seminars are designed specifically for working parents and aim to reduce work and family conflict and enhance occupational and family functioning. The present study adds to the literature by investigating whether a brief, low level parenting intervention is sufficient to produce changes in disruptive child behaviour, parenting practices and parenting confidence. Sixty-two working parents from multiple organisations and occupations with children aged between 18 months and 12 years were randomly assigned to an intervention condition or a waitlist control condition. Parents in the intervention condition attended two one-and-a-half hour seminars where they were taught strategies to prevent and manage stress, as well as positive parenting strategies to prevent and manage disruptive child behaviour. It was hypothesised that, compared to participants in the waitlist control condition, participants in the intervention condition would report: a) lower use of dysfunctional parenting styles, including laxness, over-reactivity, and verbosity; b) lower levels of disruptive child behaviour; c) lower work-to-family conflict; d) lower family-to-work conflict; e) higher work-to-family enrichment; f) lower depression, anxiety and stress; and g) higher levels of efficacy in parenting tasks and in balancing work and family commitments. A series of ANCOVAs and MANCOVAs revealed significant effects for parenting, child behaviour, stress and confidence with managing work and family conflict, however not for parental efficacy, work-to-family conflict, family-to-work conflict or family-to-work enrichment. The implication of these results, strengths and limitations of the study, as well as directions for future research are discussed. 2011-04-06T00:00:00Z Wesley Felsman http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:240039 The existing literature on the influence of vitamin D on complex cognitive behaviours and mental health is inconclusive. This is the first double-blind randomised control trial (RCT) to assess the effect of vitamin D3 on selected cognitive and mental health outcomes in a sample of healthy young adults. Adults with no psychiatric disorder (N = 128; Mean age = 21.76 years, SD = 2.86 years) were randomised to one of two six-week treatment conditions: vitamin D (5000IU/day vitamin D) or placebo control. Participants were assessed at baseline and endpoint on various measures of neurocognition and mental health. Neurocognition was measured with three psychometrically-valid computer-based tasks of inhibition (Stop signal reaction time task), updating working memory (N-back task) and cognitive flexibility (Shape-shifting task). The aspects of mental health measured were depressive symptoms (Beck Depression Inventory-II) and psychotic-like experiences (Peters Delusion Inventory-21). It was hypothesized that any enhancement of cognitive performance or mental health after six weeks of vitamin D3 supplementation would only be observed in participants who had deficient baseline serum 25OHD concentrations (≤50nmol/L). A series of Treatment x Time repeated measures ANOVAs showed that a high dose supplementation of vitamin D3 for six weeks did not affect cognitive performance or self-reported mental health in the young adults, even if they were vitamin D deficient at baseline (p > .05 for all interaction effects). Given the strength of the double-blind RCT design and the increase in serum 25OHD concentration in those who received supplements, it was concluded that vitamin D status is unlikely to have a clinically meaningful impact on cognition and mental health in young adults. However, more experimental evaluations of vitamin D are warranted to investigate the direct and indirect mechanisms through which vitamin D may affect adult brain function. 2011-04-07T00:00:00Z Teresa Hall http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:292956 2013-03-07T12:47:45Z Pytel, Andrzej http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:295466 2013-04-02T09:08:31Z Maestracci, Jacquie. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:295767 2013-04-04T10:54:02Z Rothwell, Vanessa. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:294984 2013-03-27T09:15:58Z Jones, Tarah. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:295784 2013-04-04T11:52:12Z Dever, Melissa. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:295538 2013-04-03T09:35:20Z Schindler, Andrew. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:295471 2013-04-02T10:40:50Z Collins, Philip. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:296486 2013-04-09T11:39:05Z Scully, Anthony. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:295790 2013-04-04T12:10:19Z Lau, Edward. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:222349 2010-11-24T00:00:00Z Kehl, David. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:291662 2013-02-18T12:15:01Z Adam Hamilton http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:222584 2010-11-26T00:00:00Z Ouyang, Annabelle X. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:223094 2010-12-01T00:00:00Z Kim, Hee-chan. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:218846 2010-10-21T00:00:00Z McIvor, Julie. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:275902 In a pop-out visual search task, response times to a target are faster when its features or dimensions are repeated than when they are switched. Currently, the origins of these intertrial effects or intertrial switch costs are the basis of great debate within relevant fields of research. According to attentional accounts, feature priming effects and across-dimension switch costs originate in early levels of visual attention which guide attention the target. Alternatively, decisional accounts suggest that across-dimension switch costs originate at a later, post-selectional stage of target selection. Previous research has provided evidence for both views. The current study directly compares switch costs at feature changes and dimension changes using the same set of stimuli within a detection task. Manual response times and eye movements were recorded to determine the origins of feature and dimension switch costs. Results revealed that priming effects facilitate search within feature changes. Eye movement measures also found elongated saccade latencies to targets in dimension switch trials than in feature switch trials. These findings suggest that the early visual selection mechanisms responsible for feature switch costs may differ to those responsible for across- dimension switch costs. 2012-06-20T00:00:00Z Jessie McDonald http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:275753 From everyday experience we know that an object that differs from its surrounding objects appears to “pop-­out” from the background. Research has shown that response times are slower when the target feature or dimension switches on the next trial than when the target feature or dimension repeats. Currently, it is still unclear whether these switch costs arise early or late in processing. The aim of the current study was to determine whether switch costs arise early or late in processing by investigating eye-­movements in a visual search task. This experiment improved on the current literature by comparing feature and dimension switch costs using the same task. Participants completed a discrimination task that manipulated the feature of the items (colour) or the dimension of the items (colour or shape) and were instructed to respond to the orientation of the bars inside the odd-­man-out target. It was predicted that one of the following hypotheses would be supported: an early view of switch costs would be supported in both feature and dimension conditions; a late view of switch costs would be supported in both feature and dimension conditions; or an early view of feature switch costs would be supported, and a late view of dimension switch costs would be supported. The results showed partial support for all hypotheses. An attentional explanation for feature switch costs, and a post-­selectional explanation for dimension switch costs was put forward. However, the results did not fully support this view, so more research would be needed to fully support this claim. 2012-06-14T00:00:00Z Rachael Hurst http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:275452 This research investigated the effectiveness of jury directions in criminal trials. Jury directions instruct the jury about the relevant law and how the law should be applied to the evidence in a trial. Two studies were conducted to investigate whether simplifying current jury directions increases mock jurors’ ability to comprehend and apply those directions. In both studies, mock jurors listened to a simulated criminal trial, provided a verdict and completed a questionnaire. Study 1 manipulated type of jury direction (simple, standard or summary) and evidence strength (weak or strong) in a between-subjects design to assess mock jurors’ comprehension and application of the directions. The results of 108 mock jurors indicated that a simple direction was easier to comprehend than a standard or summary direction. There was some evidence to suggest that mock jurors applied a simple direction better than a standard or summary direction. Study 2 manipulated type of jury direction (simple or standard) and cognitive load (low or high) in a between-subjects design to examine mock jurors’ application of the directions under high cognitive load. The results of 72 mock jurors replicated the findings in Study 1 for comprehension and self-reported application. The effect of cognitive load on mock jurors’ ability to apply the directions could not be examined because the cognitive load manipulation was not successful. Both studies suggest that simplifying current jury directions enhances mock jurors’ comprehension of the directions. Further research is required to investigate whether mock jurors are able to apply jury directions, specifically under high cognitive load. 2012-06-08T00:00:00Z Baguley, Chantelle http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:219733 2010-11-03T00:00:00Z Hong, Dianrong. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:276619 Proponents of moral nativism argue that our moral values were designed by natural selection to increase the genetic fitness of our ancestors. Arguing that a more sophisticated explanation is needed, the current experiment instead derives its hypotheses from dual inheritance theory: the notion that humans are unique in receiving a store of accumulated cultural knowledge from their group, along with genes. Accordingly, this study tested whether moral values are a form of cultural knowledge learnt fluently in childhood by observing adults. Because the basis of moral cognition is having emotional responses towards certain behaviours, it was tested specifically whether children learned to have the same emotional response towards behaviours as their group. Novel apparatuses were constructed for which there were two discrete actions which could be performed in retrieving a reward. Children observed four adults demonstrating one set of actions, followed by a fifth who used the alternative set of actions. The first four adults' emotional response to this fifth adults action's were manipulated between-groups: positive, negative, or neutral – this action therefore becoming a 'moralised action'. In line with previous cultural learning research, the behaviour children imitated in attaining the reward was measured, as well as how they behaved towards a third party (puppet) who performed the moralised action. It was predicted that the negative group response would cause less imitation of the moralised action, and more negative behaviours towards the moralised action using puppet, relative to the neutral response. Conversely, it was predicted that, relative to the neutral condition, the positive group response would cause more imitation and positive evaluations of a third-party using the moralised actions. These hypotheses failed to be supported, reasons for this and directions for future research were given. However, it was found that children systematically preferred to perform the actions of the four adults across conditions, suggesting a strong proclivity for conformity. 2012-06-29T00:00:00Z Turner, Cameron http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:221580 2010-11-18T00:00:00Z Nicholls, Shannon. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:239817 The perceptions that civilians have for the roles performed by the military may lead them to deny humanness to military personnel, resulting in negative consequences for their treatment. In the current study Australian civilians (N=116) rated civilians, combat and non-combat military personnel on emotions and traits. These emotions and traits were then rated on Human Uniqueness which is associated with rationality, civility and refinement and on Human Nature which is associated with warmth, emotionality and openness. The potential negative consequences examined included support for military mental health funding, social distance and intentions to aid military personnel. It was also examined whether the associations between attributions of humanness and theses consequences would be mediated by collective responsibility for personnel and their perceived moral agency. As hypothesized, civilians were rated higher on Human Nature than military personnel indicating the presence of dehumanization. Dehumanizing combat personnel on Human Nature was also positively associated with a lower preference for military mental health funding. Results also found that the attribution of Human Nature to civilians and military personnel was associated with more positive outcomes for the treatment of military personnel on these consequences. These results have theoretical implications for understanding that the attribution of humanness for groups can be as important to examine as its' denial. Practical implications may involve the attribution of Human Nature as a means to increase recognition and aid for personnel such as associating them with characteristics like warmth and emotionality. 2011-04-06T00:00:00Z Hirst, James http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:297690 2013-04-15T14:38:30Z McKeon, Tony http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:297968 2013-04-18T09:08:12Z Stone, Joshua http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:301673 2013-06-04T11:38:14Z Myers, Todd http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:220070 No abstract available 2010-11-09T00:00:00Z Hoiberg, Patrick. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:222208 2010-11-23T00:00:00Z Noud, Damian. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:218795 2010-10-20T00:00:00Z McGovern, Mark Francis. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:239825 The role of personality theory, in particular Gray and McNaughton’s (2000) Revised Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory (r-RST), has found that the Behavioural Approach System (BAS) predicts drinking behaviour. The present study attempted to replicate the results of previous studies that have found a relationship between BAS and alcohol consumption. This study also extended previous research by investigating people’s ability to regulate their emotions, which is assumed to be related to their socialization experiences. Participants were asked to report retrospectively on the way their parents helped them manage emotions when they were children as well as their current emotional regulation strategies. In addition, previous research has suggested drinking refusal self-efficacy (DRSE) to be a mechanism to mediate risky drinking. Our study also examined whether DRSE is related to personality and/or emotion regulation. Three hundred and thirty four first year psychology students completed the questionnaire online in a computer lab. Another sixty eight participants external to the university completed the online survey anonymously. It was found that both BAS and emotion regulation ability predicted alcohol consumption. Neither moderating nor mediating effect was found between the two predictors. After the effect of BAS was controlled, emotion regulation still significantly predicted alcohol consumption. Moreover, global reward, global punish and global magnify socialization strategies predicted individuals’ development of emotion dysregulation in adulthood. Furthermore, DRSE was found to be related to both personality and emotion regulation. The findings of the present study provide clinical implications for the development of therapeutic interventions targeting substance abuse disorders. 2011-04-06T00:00:00Z Ng, Jasvinda http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:222212 2010-11-23T00:00:00Z McCray, Peter. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:216921 2010-09-22T00:00:00Z Amirthalingam, Sinnathamby. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:222317 2010-11-24T00:00:00Z Jackman, Norah. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:223614 2010-12-06T00:00:00Z Blackwell, Boyd D. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:277828 2012-07-23T15:34:50Z Joo, Tan Eng http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:217528 2010-09-30T00:00:00Z Brun, Rémy-Antoine. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:217568 The financial crisis that began in mid-1997 came as complete surprise to the global community. Its magnitude and rapid spread reverberated throughout the world. Still today, no clear agreement exists on what truly caused this economic tragedy. From foreign exchange rate pegging to the US dollar to lack of prudential supervision have been iterated as one the most rationale explanations for the Asian financial crisis. Starting with Thailand and rapidly infecting other nations of the Asia-Pacific rim the crisis strengthen while taking away investor confidence and thus taking potential investments. With the greater global economic integration, the crisis has been worldwide, which has led to a better understanding the drawbacks of globalisation. This thesis seeks to analyse and synthesize the ideas on future prospects for economic growth in the Asia-Pacific region against the backdrop of its historical development and the financial crisis of the mid-1990s. 2010-09-30T00:00:00Z Brun, Rémy-Antoine. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:301255 2013-05-28T11:46:31Z O'Brien Sean http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:219637 2010-11-02T00:00:00Z Lawson, W. K. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:106157 2007-08-24T00:00:00Z Yu, Catherine Chin-Yen http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:293023 2013-03-08T09:13:41Z Dredge, M. C. L http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:221678 2010-11-19T00:00:00Z Miller, W. B. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:222400 2010-11-24T00:00:00Z O'Brien, Julie-Anne Louise. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:222860 2010-11-29T00:00:00Z Ung, Bun Ang. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:223304 2010-12-03T00:00:00Z McMillan, Shelley.