http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/ The University of Queensland en Fez http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:135523 While the huge lunatic asylums of the nineteenth century housed the drunken and homeless within ‘lunacy’, it wasn’t until the early twentieth century that an architecture was developed in specific response to the colony’s problem of inebriety. Authorised by the passing of the 1907 Inebriates Act, two ‘Homes for Inebriates’ were constituted on islands in the Hauraki Gulf, some twenty miles from the city of Auckland. The first ‘home’ on Pakatoa Island made use of existing farm buildings and was gazetted as an ‘institution’ under the Act in 1908. The second of the two homes, the subject of this paper, was built in 1910 for the purpose of treating inebriates. It adopted a very different architectural model for this treatment than had been practiced in the asylums. 2008-04-16T22:00:22Z Treadwell, Jeremy http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:23598 The life and work of Alexander J Macdonald (1864-1951) is one of the great enigmas of Australian architecture. While still in his twenties he produced for the Victorian Public Works Department a body of work without rival in nineteenthcentury Australia for its extraordinary vitality and originality. Retiring almost completely from architecture at the age of thirty-two, he pursued a career elsewhere in the public service, rising to become Chief Examiner of Patents for the Commonwealth of Australia. However he returned temporarily to the world of public architecture in 1912 and in the following two years worked intermittently, amidst great controversy, as Walter Burley Griffin's chief assistant. Viewed in the context of forty apparently otherwise uneventful years in the public service, the origins, inspiration, oeuvre and abandonment of Macdonald's brilliant architectural career combine the elements of enigma and romance in full measure. 2007-05-28T05:53:31Z Neale, Anne http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:13379 On the eve of his departure in December 1792, after four difficult years of governorship, Arthur Phillip had the main settlements surveyed and, as his last act to consolidate the town he created and which was now the capital of the colony of New South Wales, he fixed the town boundary. In what has all the appearances of a sloppy mapping and administrative exercise, Phillip apparently declared the town boundary by way of two maps drawn on each side of the same paper. 2007-04-08T01:08:33Z Johnson, Paul-Alan http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:13866 The chequered history of the design and eventual completion of the Sydney Opera House from 1957 until 1973 is well known.' From the mythical plucking of Jorn Utzon's drawings from a discarded pile of competition entries by Eero Saarinen2, to the startling form of the design conceived by the young Danish architect who had built so little. from the tense and protracted period of refining the design, to the political furore over cost and time overruns, to finally the architect leaving Australia never to return: these events are now all the stuff of legend, even tragic theatre. The building has subsequently become an icon, not just of Sydney but of Australia's entry onto the world architectural scene in the early 1960s. But the Sydney Opera House should also be regarded as a prophetic icon of the delicate state of architectural production in the last half of the twentieth century. 2007-05-24T11:51:26Z Goad, Philip http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:13443 The design for Canberra, as developed from the initial plan of 1912, by Marion and Walter Griffin, cannot be understood without recognising that the Land Axis connecting Mount Ainslie with the War Memorial, Anzac Parade, the lake system, the Parliamentary Triangle and Capital Hill, extends to Bimberi Peak, the highest mountain in the Brindabella ranges some twenty-five kilometres to the south of the central city (Figs 1 & 3). Bimberi Peak, not Capital Hill, was designated as the terminus to the Land Axis both on the initial drawings and in the original report. 2007-04-12T03:12:12Z Proudfoot, Peter http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:13846 On February 3 1931 an earthquake measuring 7.9 on the Richter scale struck the town of Napier on the east coast of New Zealand's North Island. Within the space of a few minutes the centre of the Napier was virtually destroyed, only a handful of buildings sunriving the shock; two hundred and fifty-eight people died and many more were injured. The reconstruction of the town began almost at once, resulting in a homogenous streetscape filled with buildings in the Art Deco and related styles? Now internationally known for its remarkable collection of 1930s buildings, the city's earlier architecture has been largely forgotten. The destruction of virtually all of the city's nineteenth and early twentieth century buildings has effectively erased them from architectural history while the loss of documentary evidence as a result of the earthquake has made the task of the historian who seeks to redress the situation even more difficult. 2007-05-18T06:27:11Z Lochhead, Ian http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:13428 This paper assesses the influence of Asia and to a limited extent the Pacific Islands and the East Indies on Australian domestic interiors between 1788 and 1914. It concludes that the contribution of India, China and Japan were not equal and that their respective influences were not constant throughout the period. It also concludes that, although widespread, such influence was largely superficial, especially in the last quarter of the nineteenth century. One exception is the effect of such influence on collectors, both public and private. 2007-04-12T00:40:04Z Serle, Jessie http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:13835 In the 1890s the gold-rush in Western Australia attracted many Victorians, including a large number of architects, builders and artisans, to Perth. This paper explores the values and standards of the immigrants and how their transfer to Perth changed local architecture. 2007-05-18T04:57:21Z Kelly, Ian http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:23887 Women architects are rarely mentioned in the established architectural histories of the first half of the twentieth century in Australia. For example, in Max Freeland's 'Architecture in Australia', not one woman's name is cited in the index. In his 'The Making of a Profession', there is not one woman pictured among the sixty photographs of individuals and groups.' Yet women have been present in the Australian architectural profession in every capacity since the early twentieth century: as student and draftsperson through to chief designer and partner, as teacher and writer, and also working in the related fields of town planning, landscape architecture and interior design. Admittedly in 1950, registered women architects constituted just 2.7% of all architects in Australia. However, this small percentage indicates the considerable number of seventy-eight qualified women architects who were actively maintaining their registration across the country. 2007-07-08T12:52:57Z Hanna, Bronwyn http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:23877 This paper will examine attitudes to eclectic stylistic borrowing in Japan in the twentieth century in light of the concept of authenticity. I am particularly interested in how an earlier claim correlating European modernist and traditional Japanese architecture continues to colour conceptions about what is an 'authentic' response for Japanese architects to make to contemporary conditions. Non-Western and vernacular architectures generally have been the repository for touristic desires for regional authenticity and difference. Yet Japan's unique role in the development of modernist architecture has given a peculiar intensity to the demand for its architecture to resist a perceived postmodern decadence. 2007-07-08T01:31:57Z Kaji-O'Grady, Sandra http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:23596 A Victorian High Renaissance scheme for the Dome of St Paul's Cathedral, London Alison Inglis One of the great artistic endeavours of the Victorian era was the decoration of St Paul's Cathedral in London. Dnring the course of the nineteenth century, a series of projects was considered for the ornamentation of the Cathedral's interior. Recent scholars have examined two of these decorative schemes in some detail, namely the 1870s Gothic Revival design by the art-architect, William Burges' and the 1890s mosaic programme undertaken by W B Richmond.^ Absent from this saga of the embellishment of St Paul's has been the important proposal for the mosaic decoration of the dome; which was designed by Frederic Leighton (1830-1896) and Edward J Poynter (1836-1919), two of the most eminent artists of the age.3 Between 1877 and 1885, these Royal Academicians collaborated on an ambitious 'High Renaissance' scheme which embodied their belief in monumental mural decoration as the highest form of artistic achievement. 2007-05-28T05:45:40Z Inglis, Alison http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:23890 Contributors 2007-07-08T13:10:23Z http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:135524 Contributors. 2008-04-16T22:01:56Z http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:135723 List of contributors. 2008-04-19T15:53:08Z http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:13384 Letter by Helen Proudfoot 2007-04-08T02:11:28Z Proudfoot, Helen http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:23884 Contributors 2007-07-08T02:04:34Z http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:23586 Contributors 2007-05-28T05:07:38Z http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:135716 List of contributors. 2008-04-19T14:27:03Z http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:23874 Contributors. 2007-07-07T11:52:19Z http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:13382 Letter by Donald Leslie Johnson 2007-04-08T01:51:27Z Johnson, Donald Leslie http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:13840 List of contributors 2007-05-18T05:56:46Z http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:13831 Contributors 2007-05-18T03:01:28Z http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:23896 Contributors and advertisement. 2007-07-08T13:53:26Z http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:13445 Contributors, Obituary: Richard Apperly 2007-04-12T03:30:35Z http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:13459 Contributors 2007-04-12T05:08:45Z http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:135732 List of contributors. 2008-04-19T16:25:34Z http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:23600 Bibliography: George Tibbits, contributors 2007-05-28T05:59:06Z http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:13868 Contributors and Notes to Contributors 2007-05-24T12:03:39Z http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:13828 In Part B of his 1947 book,Victorian Modern, Robin Boyd described the development of modem architecture in Victoria. He divided this half of the book into fourteen sub-sections, each one invariably focussing on the career of a prominent architect. Generally, each subsection was headed by the same bold typography. One however was not. This sub-section was introduced by a flourishing, confident and indecipherable signature (Fig 1). It belonged to Best Overend. 2007-05-18T02:39:46Z Goad, Philip http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:23599 James Broadbent, 'The Australian Colonial House: Architecture and Society in New South Wales 1788-1842', Sydney: Horden House, 1997 2007-05-28T05:56:52Z Tibbits, George http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:13364 Leon Battista Alberti, 'On the Art of Building in Ten Books' Translated by Joseph Rykwert, Neil Leach and Robert Tavemor L. A. Zhadova (ed.), 'Tatlin' (Budapest 1984). English translation Helen Ross, 'Just For Living, Aboriginal Perceptions of Housing in North West Australia' Tony Fry, 'Design History Australia: A Source Text in Methods and Resources' Phillip Cox and David Moore, 'The Australian Functional Tradition' Lenore Coltheart and Don Fraser (eds.), 'Lamdmarks in Public Works, Engineers and Their Works in New South Wales 1884-1914' Peter Bridges and Don MacDonald, 'James Barnet, Colonial Architect' Don Watson and Judith McKay, 'A Directory of Queensland Architects to 1940' Russell Walden, 'Voices of Silence: New Zealand's Chapel of Futuna' Jeremy Salmond, 'Old New Zealand Houses 1800-1940' Victoria Middleton, 'The Legend of Green Valley' Dyranda Prevost and Ann Rado, 'Living Places' Mark Jackson and Mark Stiles (directors), 'Universal Provider' Lars Lerup, 'Planned Assaults' 2007-04-06T04:52:50Z McNamara, Andrew og McGrath, Ann og Bogle, Michael og Luscombe, Desley og Lewis, Miles og Hamilton, Mark og Andresen, Brit og Melling, Gerald og Bell, Peter og Hanna, Bronwyn og Broadfoot, Keith og Martin, David og Hill, Michael http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:13383 John Hockings, 'Traditional Architecture in the Gilbert Islands: A Cultural Perspective' Miles Lewis, et al, '200 Years of Concrete in Australia' Robert Morre, Sheridan Burke and Ray Joyce, 'Australian Cottages' Alan Gowans, 'The Comfortable House: North American Suburban Architecture 1890-1930' Paul Rabinow, 'French Modern: Norms and Forms of the Social Environment' Heinrich Klotz, 'The History of Post Modern Architecture' Manfredo Tafuri, 'The Sphere and The Labyrinth: Avant-Gardes and Architecture from Piranesi to the 1970s' Miles Lewis (ed), 'Victorian Churches: Their Origins, Their Story and their Architecture' George Hersey, 'The Lost Meaning of Classical Architecture: Speculations on Ornament from Vitruvius to Venturi' Donald Albrecht, 'Designing Dreams: Modern Architecture in the Movies' 2007-04-08T02:06:41Z Bell, Peter og Lewis, Miles og Walker, Paul og Johnson, Paul-Alan og Jenner, Ross og Tibbits, George og Nield, Lawrence og Jackson, Mark http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:135725 On 11 September 2001 (or 9/11), as we all know, two airplanes flew directly into the twin towers of the World Trade Center in downtown Manhattan, precipitating the total collapse of both buildings. Almost 3,000 people disappeared into the dust and debris that quickly became known as ‘Ground Zero’. The epithet implies a nuclear-like incineration yet, since 9/11, Ground Zero has been a site of perpetual movement and shifting materiality: rescue and forensic operations; salvage and clean-up missions; commemorative ceremonies; the opening of newly cleared spaces in the vicinity; the re-development and reopening of the PATH train and subway; and the selection of Daniel Libeskind’s Freedom Tower and Michael Arad’s Reflecting Absence memorial as designs for the lengthy, and much contested, rebuilding project. 2008-04-19T16:00:58Z Geismar, Haidy http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:135731 New Zealand’s architectural heritage is perhaps the youngest in the Western world, and consequentially architectural artifacts that might be seen as diminutive by European standards are often given serious cultural consideration. The common view of New Zealand’s human occupancy asserts that the first Polynesian settlement occurred only 600 years ago, with significant European colonisation not beginning until the early nineteenth century. Such new-ness of land and people may account in part for the preoccupation amongst local architectural academics with unsophisticated architectural expressions. It is curious then that intellectual attention has not been accorded to the so-called Explorer Huts of Antarctica whose architectural preservation is very much the responsibility of New Zealand. The fact that the huts are in a part of the world that few New Zealanders will ever visit evokes important questions of architectural heritage as a nation-building endeavour. 2008-04-19T16:24:12Z Wood, Peter http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:23593 In architecture, the representation of national identity raises issues such as nationalism, kitsch, and parochialism. A declaration of independence from previous power structures or an intended expression of cultural confidence can he compromised by the choice of architectural image. For Australia at the 1939 New York World's Fair, this was a special problem. Having suffered stinging criticisms at previous expositions, it was a case of seeking identity other than as a colonial dominion but with added limitations: only an interior with which to express an alternative identity; and placement within the Fair's greater urban plan which itself embodied specific frameworks of power. By contrast, in the same year, at the New Zealand Centennial Exhibition in Wellington, the Australian Pavilion was a freestanding structure. Its commanding position with respect to the pavilions of New Zealand and the United Kingdom was a direct challenge to the concept of the British Commonwealth. 2007-05-28T05:31:03Z Goad, Philip http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:135527 In antipodean Australia, there is always an assumption that trends in architecture arrive late, are invariably not ‘done right’ and that local variation is a corruption of the true thing. This is most strongly evident in the consideration of the introduction and evolution of modernism in Australia. Physical isolation meant Australian architects rarely experienced the new ideas in architecture firsthand, instead relying on exhibitions, publications, the migration of architects and education. Yet the role of architectural education in considering the development of modernism in Australia in the 1920s and 1930s is relatively under-explored. 2008-04-16T22:45:35Z Willis, Julie http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:13830 2007-05-18T02:57:07Z http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:13839 2007-05-18T05:29:45Z http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:13822 For many people interested in the maritime history and character of Sydney, Port Jackson has lost most of its soul. Except for the odd cruise ship, passenger liners from overseas and interstate and intrastate no longer discharge their human cargo at Sydney's wharves. With the transfer of many port facilities to Botany Bay, even cargo vessels are strangers to the harbour these days, and most of those that do dock, with their gross-looking loads of ubiquitous containers or motor vehicles, have little traditional grace of design. 2007-05-18T00:45:04Z Pratten, Christopher og Irving, Robert http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:23589 With music and architecture, there is the teasing possibility that one may explain the other, even that one may determine the other. With the great Austrian composer and conductor Gustav Mahler (1860-191 I), there are two contradictory aspects to this proposition. Firstly, Mahler was actively responsive to the acoustics of concert halls. There is evidence that he would make changes to his scores at rehearsals in response to the acoustics of the particular hall. He also judged the acoustics of different halls. For example, he was extremely critical of the acoustics of the concert hall at the Trocadero in Paris. Secondly, but in contradiction, it seems that none of Mahler's great orchestral compositions were written for a specific concert hall. Rather, they all seem to have been first performed where the opportunity presented itself and, interestingly, there were not immediate repeat performances in those same 'first performance' concert halls. 2007-05-28T05:20:14Z Tibbits, George http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:23594 There has been a persistent understanding that early women architects were principally involved in domestic architecture. Whether that association came through an assumption that women were naturally drawn to domestic architecture or marginalized into domestic practice because of their sex, this understanding dominated the public discussion of women in architecture in Australia for more than thirty years. 2007-05-28T05:37:44Z Willis, Julie http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:23876 In late 1999 Professor Wallace Ruff was killed in Papua New Guinea. This was an extremely sad event for those of us who were his friends. It is also sad for the country to which Ruff had dedicated much of his energy, and which he had vigorously defended on many occasions. Paradoxically, Papua New Guinea is notorious for its violence while Mack Ruff is not well known outside of the country. However his work appears in various places. For example, his drawing of a ceremonial house (figure 4) adorns the cover of Sepik Heritage - the major text on the anthropology of the Sepik region - and the same drawing illustrates recent editions of Banister Fletcher. Often his work is not attributed, and his career and endeavours could be better known. 2007-07-08T01:26:43Z Austin, Michael http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:135719 One of the most significant aspects of Jørn Utzon’s architecture was his work with platforms. Throughout his career, they were explored and employed in his projects, creating new architectural expressions and meanings. They played a key role in the design and construction process, from the initial sketch to the finalised building. The platforms were also critical in his establishment of places, as they related to site, construction, program, and social interaction. While previous scholarship has focused on the earthbound characteristics of Utzon’s platforms, it is argued here that they are equally liberated from that. Paradoxically, it is the intimate set of relations to the surroundings, which allow the platforms to free themselves. 2008-04-19T15:38:53Z Asgaard Anderson, Michael http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:135564 Architecture might appear to be the most concrete of disciplines, but its canons are generally understood as both created through, and underwritten by, published texts, photographs and drawings. In New Zealand, however, the situation seems rather more complicated. New Zealand architectural discourse and history has few major texts. Indeed, aside from a small handful of books, most of the country’s published accounts of architecture might be categorised as ephemera— pamphlets, exhibition catalogues, and the odd short-lived journal. Little-read and hard to find, they are known to most architects by reputation rather than through actual perusal. 2008-04-17T11:29:34Z Clark, Justine http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:13820 Volume 6 of 'Fabrications : The Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians, Australia and New Zealand' 2007-05-18T09:34:05Z Irving, Robert og Pratten, Christopher og Kruty, Paul og Rowe, David og Turnbull, Jeffrey John og Apperley, Richard og Brine, Judith og Goad, Philip http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:23587 2007-05-28T15:11:43Z Tibbits, George og Mallgrave, Harry Francis og Goad, Philip og Willis, Julie og Edquist, Harriet og Inglis, Alison og Kohane, Peter og Neale, Anne http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:13841 2007-05-18T16:03:44Z Brine, Judith og Lewis, Miles og Lochhead, Ian og Phillips, John og Blythe, Richard og Goad, Philip http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:13381 Volume 1 of 'Fabrications: The Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians, Australia and New Zealand' (Including cover). 2007-04-08T01:40:41Z Brine, Judith og Luscombe, Desley og Kerr, Joan og Andrews, Brian og Phillips, John og Jackson, Mark http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:13832 Volume 7 of 'Fabrications : The Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians, Australia and New Zealand' 2007-05-18T14:05:42Z Memmott, Paul og Kelly, Ian og Gatley og Blythe, Richard og Johnson, Paul-Alan http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:23579 2007-05-28T14:35:55Z McEwan, Ann og Hutson, Andrew og de Jong, Ursula og Hogben, Paul og Skinner, Robin